HMUNPHIAH

HMUNPHIAH(TIGER GRASS)

INTRODUCTION

     Leimin nasa tak a lo awm a, chu leimin, leisen leh lung kara hnim lo ṭo hmasa ber zingah chuan ‘Hmunphiah’ a tel ngei ṭhin a. Lei thar, hanna pawh nei lo, khawro leh nisain a em ro vek hmunah pawh Hmunphiah chuan bul a va ṭan ta ṭhin a. Hei vang hian ‘Pioneer Species’ an tih zingah a pawimawh ber pawl a ni.

     Mizoram tlangramah chhimchhawng, tlâkdêng leiro leh lei chunglang hang awm lohnaah Hmunphiah hi amaha tualṭo tam tak hmuh tur a awm a. Tlangram Lo neiha chulah te ṭhahnem tak hmuh tur a tualṭo bawk. Heng Hmunphiahte hi damreng tura enkawl kan tum chuan an dinhmun hi tihhrehawm reng tur a ni. Chumi awmzia chu, hnah tla ṭawihin a bul a chawm tur a nil ova, nisa lakah Japan hlo etc. in a hliah tur tur a ni hek lo. Chhel taka ram roah pawh nisa tuar hi a ngeih ber mai. Entirnan :- Chûlah a tirah Hmunphiah tam zawk mahse, Luang tlemte khan kum hnih – khatah a dip ral thuai ṭhin; Luang/Rairuang hi an chak zawk vang a ni.

     Mizoramah hian Hmunphiah kan hmang nasain a ṭangkaina pawh kan hre hle a. Amaherawhchu, kan Hmunphiah hmante hi a tlangpuiin ramhnuaia mi kan lakkhawm/sengkhawm te an ni hlawm a, mumal zawk leh belhchiandawl hmunphiah hmun aṭanga sengkhawm hi chu a la tam lo hle a ni.

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

     Hmunphiah hi a Botanical Name chu Thysanolaena maxima a ni a, Graminae hnim chhungkuaa mi a ni. A tlangpuiin a kung hi metre hnih leh a chanve laia sang a ni thei a, hmun hniam leh hmun sangah a chin theih a, mahse, tlema hmun sang deuhah a ṭhang chak deuh a ni. A tlangpuiin, van in hawng zau hmunah te, tlangpang awihah te leh thingtlang Lo neihna hnu/chûl leh motor kawngkam kawngchhak leh kawngthlangah te hmuh tur an tam hle a. Amah hi leichhe ngam leh lei tharlamah pawh inbun nghet nghal zung zung thei a nih avangin Pioneer species tih a ni reng a ni.

     Hmunphiah hnah hi sawl tung chho ût a ni a, 5cm-a hlai leh 30cm-a sei a ni; hmunphiah nana kan hman ber hi a tlangpuiin 50cm a ni a, a kung hi 70cm-a sei a ni bawk.

     Hmunphiah hi lei luangral humhalhna atan leh Agro-Forestry thlai atana ṭangkai tak a ni a, a hnah hi ranchaw; a bikin Bawng leh Kel chaw atan a ṭha em em a. A kung hi ‘fibre’ hlang deuh thaw a nih avangin, lehkhapuan siamna (paper factory) a hralh nghal mai theih a ni.

     Hmunphiah hi chhungkaw tam tak tana hralh sumchang thei thil leh eizawnna atana ṭangkai tak a ni.

     Hmunphiah hmun neih hi taimâk ngai leh enkawl fain gun ngai tak a ni a, tih mai maia hlawhtlin theih chi a ni lo. Zuamsual awl tak a ni a, ‘Hmunphiah ka phun tawh a, a vuih hunah ka zuk kek mai ang. Engmah tih angai lo’ titu chu a hlawhchham sa a ni.

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

     Pang, Phunchawng, Vaube, Khawmhma, Farṭuah leh Khaukhim te hi, ramhnuaia Hmunphiahte nena ṭo za an ni a. Chuvangin, Hmunphiah hmunah chuan ramkang ngam deuh Pang/Phunchawng hi 100nos/Hectare phun tel ni sela, kan tu leh fa leh ram tan a ṭangkai a rinawm.

     A hnuaia Hmunphiah chin dan hi a lo ching hlawhtling tawh Pu Zairemmawia, LM. Broom Cultivation, Venghlui, Aizawl in practical-a a lo chin dan aṭang leh MIFMA booklet behchhana ziak a ni :-

Buh leh Hmunphiah inpawlh June thlaa phun kha 30th July-a a landan.

DISTRIBUTION:

     i) Hmunphiah hi Mizoram khawi lai hmunah pawh awmin a chin theih a. Lei chhia a ngam avangin hmun tinah a chin theih a ni. Hmunphiah chi hrang hrang a awm a, a engpawh a ṭha vek - a hralh theih vek.

     ii) Mizoramah hian hmunphiah chi thum kan nei a. An pian dan leh lan dan ang zelin an hming kan phuah a; Phiahthir, Phiahpui, leh Phiahfâng kan ti a. Phiahthir chu a kuang a sei a, a khauh bik a, a hmunphiah rawng pawh thir tuiek rawng ang deuh a ni a. Phiahpui chu a hnah a hlai a, a kung a lianin a chawm ṭha a. A vui pawh a lian her a, a rawng pawh a hring ṭha hle a, a kuang a tawi deuh. A nêm a, a nel thung a. A nem avangin Mizoten kan duh loh ber a ni. A buk a rit a, a hralhtu tan a hlawk thung. Phiahfang chu Phiahpui ang deuh, mahse, te zawk leh sin zawk a ni. Khaw hrang hranga miten kan sawidan a inang vek lova. Khaw ṭhenkhatah Phiahpui an tih chu khaw ṭhenkhatah an lo ti Phiahfang a. An hming kan phuah dan hi a inang vek lo a ni.

Hmunphiah leh Buhpawl awmpawlhna hmun 2008. Hetah hian Hmunphiah awmsa zuah a ni.

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

HMUNPHIAH CHIN DAN LEH A ENKAWL DAN:

I A: LEILUNG BUATSAIH (Site Preparation).

     I) Fai taka Lo vah a, perhte leh hruizam pawh/phih fai vek tur a ni. Hal hun pangngaiah Lo chu hal tur a ni.

     ii) Kangvarah thlam rinawm tak sak ngei ngei a ngai. A kum hnih (2) naah Hmunphiah in sak a ngai. Hei hi hmunphiah tih ro nan emaw phoro tawh sa dahkhawm nan hman tur a ni.

     iii) Kangvarah chuan Hmunphiah, Luang leh Rairuangte a lo chawr ang a. Hmunphiah chu humhalh a; Luang leh Rairuang-te chu a bulah kar emaw hlo tûr ‘weedicides’ a kahhlum tur an ni.

     iv) Contour terrace ft 9 danah feet 3 (leivung tel lovin) vela zau laih tur a ni. Hei hi Leilung ven himna atan leh Hmunphiah hmun kan enkawl chhung zawnga veivah velna atan a ni.

     v) Terrace zawl kinah 3ft inkar hlatin Hmunphiah chu phun tlar tur a ni a. Hetiang spacing-ah hian 4,000 seedling /Hectare khatah a phun theih.

B: A CHI LAK DAN:

     A ram tla, a hunga kar mai tur a ni. Chu chu cheh darh a, chumi hnuah kutin thehdarh tur a ni. A thlar (sawhthing thlar ang) khat kha bikhat tur a ni. Thlar khatah kung khat (1) aṭanga kung li (4) vel awm thei sela, a zat chiah a sawi theih loh. Chu chu bikhat a ni.

     A kung kha inches 6 velah tan a, a zung hnawk sin zualte pawh tan fai veka phun tur a ni. Thingtum sahchhanah chem hriam taka sah chhum zung zung mai tur a ni.

     Hmunphiah hung aṭanga a tuai-te-rek lo awm ve hi a chi atan a tlak loh. A puichang ṭha chauh phunchhuah atan a tlak a ni.

Hmunphiah chi lak dan

Hmunphiah chi phun tura tan tawi

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

C: A PHUN DAN:

     1) Hmunphiah thlarte chu tuthlawh nen ft 3 danah thûk lutuk lova nghet taka phun tur a ni. Terrace zawl thlanglam, lei vung leh leitak inrina laiah phun tur a ni.

     2) A chi lak aṭanga ni 3 ral hma ngeiin phun tur a ni a, a chi lak sa hi nisa em tir tur a ni lo. Hmunphiah hi thil ro hma tak a nih avangin, a chi lak sa chu, daihlimah dah hrâm hrâm tur a ni. Phun nghal mai loh tur phei chu changêl hnah emaw hnimhnah-tea khuh a ṭha.

     3) Duhthusam chuan phun aṭanga dârkâr 24 ral hma ngeiin ruah sur thei sela. Hei vang hian fur inṭan June/July ah chauh phun nise. Ruah a sur loh pawhin, tui leih mai thei tura inrin a ṭha fo.

     4) Hmunphiah hi a tuarchhel viau laiin, phun thar chawrhlim hi an no viau mai a, hnim lakah ven an ngai nasa a ni. A bul thlawhfai reng tur.

     5) Hmunphiah a phuna phun hi thla riat (8) ah a hmin a. June/July a phun kha, Febuary thla-ah a man kan dawng fai vek thei a ni.

     6) Kum khatna atan chauh chuan Hmunphiah hi buh nen a chin pawlh theih a. Buh hmun hi a fai ṭhat chuan Hmunphiahin a haw lem lo. Kum hnihna aṭang chuan a tih chi lem loh.

     7) Kangvara amaha lo ṭo sa kha chu June/July ah sat thlu vek mah ila a pawi lo. June/July a phun erawh chu August thlaa sahthluk pawh a pawi lo. September thla leh a hnua sahthluk hi chu a par tur a lo insiam tawh ṭhin avangin, insawi hmuh chi a ni lo. Hmunphiah kung bula sah chhum hi, a chawr thar tam theih nan leh a kung sang lutuk tur ven nana tih a ni a. A sah hun dik leh a hmun a fai bawk chuan, thil ṭangkai tak a ni.

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

D: HMUNPHIAH KEH (Harvesting)

Mizoramah chuan hetianga Hmunphiah pho hi ṭha bera ngaih a ni. A leitu Company pawhin an duh dan a ni

     1) January thla-ah tan ni sela Febuary thla thleng pawh kai ila a pawi lo. A leitute tan chuan December thla-ah keh nise, a buk a zang a, a leitu tan a hlawk a. Mahse, Hmunphiah chingtute tan chuan Jan/Feb a keh hian Hmunphiah a lo rit a, an hlawkpui zawk a ni. Hmunphiah hralh tur keh hian, a parah huma pawh dawh mai theih an nih lai hi a hun dik tak chu a ni.

     2) Hmunphiah ngau ngau thar tumtute tan chuan, hmunphiah keh zawh hnuah chuan Hmunphiah kungte chu a bulah sam thluka hnimdangte nen halfai mai tur a ni.

Hmunphiah keh aiin pawh phawi tur a ni.

     3) Hmunphiah keh zawh hnu hian, pa-rilrunei tan chuan hmanna a la awm cheu a.

          (a) Hmunphiah kehna hnu hi Bawngchawah a la ṭha em em tho.

          (b) Hmunphiah kungte chu sah chhum a, tel ṭhat a, Paper Mill-a hralh theih a ni.

     4) Hmunphiah keh sa chu chap darhin phoro mai tur a ni a. Zan daiin a tlak hnawng tur a ni lo, hmunphiah rawng a dang vek ṭhin avangin.

     5) Hmunphiah phoro hi a pawimawh em em a. A ro chiang var tur a ni, chuti lo chu hmuarin a kap a, a mawih chhe leh ṭhin. Ni 5 vel pho a ngai.

     6) Hmunphiah ro hi thil kang duh tak a ni a, kangmei lakah fimkhur hle a ngai.

     7) Tun (16.6.2009) dinhmunah chuan, Hmunphiah ro hi 1 Kg = Rs 30/- in Vairengte/Bagha-ah hralh theih a ni.

Khasi ram Hmunphiah. Mizoram mi nen a inkhan lo deuh niin a lang

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8

II. Hmunphiah hmun siam hlawkzia (From MIFMA Booklet)

     1. Hmunphiah hmun siam hi eizawnna tlâkin a hlawk a. A kung, a hnah leh a vui/par hi sum chang thei vek a ni a, ṭangkai lo lai a awm lo. Hmunphiah atana hman bakah a hnah hi ran chaw ṭha tak a ni a, ranin a ngeih hle a ni. A kung hi mau ang bawkin lehkhapuan (paper) siam nan a tha a. A kung leh a hnah hi organic leitha siam nan a ṭha hle bawk a ni.

     2. Hmunphiah hmun siam chuan Bawng vulh a keng tel thei a, Paper mill a keng tel thei bawk a, Organic fertilizer siamna pawh a keng tel thei bawk a ni. Bawng vulh hi a hnute vang chauh ni lovin a sa hralh nena ṭangkawpin eizawnna ṭha tak a tling a ni. Tin, hmunphiah kung hian paper siam nana ṭha cellulose a pai tam (71 percent) a. Hman tur tam tham a awm chuan Paper Mill din nghal theih a ni.

     3. A hmun siam hlawkzia (economics) hi ICAR Scientist ten an lo zir chhuak tawh a. A kung pun chak dan, a thar hlawk dan leh eng eng chemical nge a pai tihte an lo zir chhuak tawh a. An thu hmuh leh hriat chhuahte chu hetiang hi a ni : -

TABLE-1

Particular	Kum khat chhunga Hactare khat hmuna thar zat
	Kum 1-na	Kum 2-na	Kum 3-na
A chawrno 3 or 4 vel March – April vela phun aṭanga a kung lo awm thei zat	27	69	145
A hnah Bawng chaw tur thar zat	Kg. 5,920	Kg. 5,920	Kg. 28,670
A kung paper siam nan	Kg. 3,600	Kg. 9,140	Kg. 19,290
Hmunphiah ro (MIFMA hralhna rate Rs. 22/- per kg hisapa a man)	Kg. 1,180	Kg. 1,570	Kg. 4,100
	Kg. 25,960	Kg. 34,540	Kg. 90,200

     4. Hectare khat ram zau lam chu ṭin 2 hmun a ni a. Hlam zawnga sawi chuan hlam 54 bial (54 x 540) a ni. Hectare hnih siam chuan kum khatna aṭangin chhungkaw mamawh zual phuhrukna tur sum a lakluh theih a ni.

TABLE-2

(Ranchaw atana ṭha chemical leh a dang a pai te)

Chemical Composition	Gram 100 zela Gram awm zat
	A hnah	A kung
Crude Protein	8.72	1.45
Crude Fibre	27.66	47.85
Acid Detergent Fibre	47.62	69.68
Cellulose	29.95	70.84
Lignin	8.19	-
Ether Extract	3.42	1.04
Total Ash	12.4	3.21

     Hmunphiah hnah hian ran tana chaw ṭha chi hrang hrang tam tak a pai a, an ngeih hle a ni.

June thlaa phun30th August-a a landan.

June thlaa phun 30th August-a a landan.

Source :
Department of Soil & Water Conservation
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-8