SAPTHEI

8. A CHI KUI DAN :

     i) A chi tur hi a kung hrisel leh a rah hmin tha atanga lak tur.

     ii) A chi lak chhuah hnuah silfaia pho ro tur.

     iii) January leh February –ah kui tur.

     iv) A chi kuina tur lei chu lehphut vek tur.

     v) Lehphut hmain bawng-ek , Vawk-ek etc. pawlh a, lehphut hnan dap tur.

     vi) Lehphut hnuah sapthei chi chu feet ½ dana hmawlha rin khuarah inchi 1 dan zelah dah tur.

     vii) A chi dah hnuah leiin 1cm vela chhahin vur leh tur. Leia vur hnu hian Di emaw, saiip emaw a khuh (mulching) chhah lote khuh tur.

     viii) Nihnih danah tui pek ziah tur.

     ix) A chi hi kar 2 hnuah a tiak tan thei a, saiip –a khuh chuan kar khat hnuah saiip chu laksawn daih tur.

     x) Tui duh ang tawk pek theihna hmunah chauh sapthei kuina hi siam tur a ni.

9. A TIAK PHUN HUN:

     i) January/February vela a kui hi May thlaah a phun tawk vel ang.

     ii) May thla chawhnu lamah ruahtui a tlak that loh chuan June thla chawhma lamah phun tur a ni.

     iii) A tiak chu feet khat aia a sei chuan tan chhum tur a ni.

10. A ZAMNA TUR SIAM:

     i) Thirzai hmanga a zamna tur hi siam a tha ber a, a daih rei ber bawk.

     ii) Thirzai neih loh chuan mau/rua leh thingtuai hmangin a zamna tur hi siam tur a ni.

     iii) A chung ami khi tih theih loh pawhin thingkungah zamtir pawh a theih tho, mahse ni eng tha tawk awm thei turin thawlh thawl vek tur a ni.

11. A ZAMNA TUR THIRZAI KAIH DAN:

      i) Thirzai kaihna tur ban neih lawk tur. A ban atan hian thir a tha ber a, a dawtah thing ril, thir leh thingril neih zawh loh chuan thing ban pangngai pawh a hman theih.

     ii) Ram tin khat hmunah thirzai 4qtls. aia tlem lo a ngai.

     iii) Thirzai kaih hmain kil tinah (kil li ) ban pawn lama awnin phun lawk sa vek tur.

     iv) A kil ban phun hnuah thirzai pahnih a tlangpui tur zam tur, chu chu hmawlh kutzungpui tiat velin a karah rawlha herh tur a ni.

     v) A tlangpui tur thirzai herh mar/hrual hnuah pawn lam atangin thirzaiin feet 8 danah pawh leh vek tur.

     pawhna thirzai chu Thingbulah emaw perek khengin veh tawn a, feet hnih vela thukin phum tur a ni.

     vii) Thirzai kaih hmain a tlangpui pawhna zawnah khan mau/thing tuaiin do kalh tur a ni a, a dona hi ngil lovin a awn tur a ni.

     viii) A ram vang tan zawngin feet 20-30 kar dan zelah thirzai zam hmasak tur a ni a, a khat tawkin do bawk tur. Hei hian a dung thla zawnga thirzai zam alo dokang ang. Chuti lo chu a hnuah do kan leh a harsa thin.

     ix) A dung zawnga thirzai kaih kha feet 4 kar danah nise, chumi chungah chuan feet 2 emaw feet 1 ½ emaw dan zelah avang zawngin kaih leh tur ani.

     x) Kaih zawh vek hnuah a khat tawkin thingtuai/mauin dokan tur a ni a, a mar tha lo lai apiang tihmar nan thirzai intawhna laiah thing tang kutzungpui tiat vel hmangin herh tur a ni.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7

12. ZAM TIR LEH A TANG HLAWI:

     i) Sapthei zam theih hmain a zamna tur thirzai kaih zawh vek tur.

     ii) A zam chhoh a, thirzai a han man theih nan a bulah thing/mau/luang etc. ke zungpui tiat vel, a khangin a man ngheh theih tur phun vek tur. Buara hrui pawh a hman theih.

     iii) Sapthei hi a peng/tawi duh em em a, mahse pakhat bak zuah loh tur, a peng tha ber zuah a, a dang zawng chu paih vek tur.

     iv) A peng tha bik i zuah atanga rawn chawr thar ( a chang tinah) te pawh paih zel a, a zikpui pakhat chiah zuah tur.

     v) A zikpuiin thirzai a han thlen veleh a zik sih/tan chhum tur.

     vi) A zik sih chhumna atanga hnuai lamah a rawh chawr.

     vii) A hrang theuha an zam darh hnuah a peng (a chang atanga chawr) a la awm zel dawn a, chung chuan thirzai dang ava man theih nan buara hrui emaw hmangin thirzai man thei tura hruai zel tur a ni.

     viii) Sapthei hi a zik chawr thar apianga rah chi a nih avangin a zik/peng tam thei ang ber tura siam tur a ni. In zam thuah lo bawk se, a inzam thuahna laiah a rah tam thei lo.

     ix) Grape anga hlawi nasat a ngai lova, a rah lawh zawh hlimah a tang ro, a hnah upa buk lutuk te hlawi thin tur a ni.

13. TUI PEK :

     i) Fur laiin ruahtui tla a tawk mai.

     ii) Thal lai December – April thleng hian ruahtui a tam loh avangin tui pek a ngai thin.

     iii) A rah insiam lai hi a tlangpui thuin February – March thal ro lai a nih avangin tui a mamawh zual.

     iv) A mamawh tawk tui/hnawng a awm loh chuan a rahin a tuar a, a kungin a thih phah thei.

     v) Chuvangin tuipek theih dan tur dap hram hram tur a ni.

14. LEITHA PEK :

     i) Sapthei hi kumtluanin a rah deuh reng avangin leitha pek reng a mamawh.

     ii) A mamawh ang chaw tha eitur a hmuh loh chuan a rah a tlem a, a lian tha lova a thar hlawk lo.

     iii) Bawngek, Vawkek, Ar-ek etc. bakah hnim hnah tawih pek reng tur a ni.

     iv) Chemical Fertilizer pawh a rah tih tam nan leh a kung than that nan pek a tha, hetiangin – Bul khat zelah urea 300gm., ssp 150gm leh MOP 150gm. Kum khatah vawihnih a zat ve a thenin pek tur.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7

15. ENKAWL LEH THLAWH FAI:

     i) Fai taka thlawh thin tur.

     ii) A thlawhfaina hnimte chu khur siam a, chutah chuan vawm khawm tur, emaw mual vang tan zawngin lei luangral tur ven nan dah tlar tur.

     iii) Tui, leitha leh chaw tha kan pekte a luan ral mai loh nan leh soil conservation atan a bulah halfmoon tarrace siam vek tur a ni, a harsat pawhin mau chang kham tala siam ngei ngei a tha.

     iv) Thlawhfai pahin sapthei zik thangtha lo leh tangkai lo, rah chhuah thei lo turte chu paih zel tur.

16. A RAH SENG :

     i) A par atanga thla thumnaah a seng tan theih

     ii) A rah hmin tha chauh lawh tur a ni.

     iii) Process tur a nih chuan a rah hmin tla chhar khawm hi a tha ber. A chhan chu a rim a tuiin tui a pai hnem bik.

     iv) A rah dahkhawm nan hian ip hmang lovin em emaw bawmrang emaw, neih theih chuan plastic crate hman tur a ni. Ip chhunga dah hian a kawr a innawk pilh a, a hmel a mawi lo duh.

     v) A rah hmin tla dang khawm tur hian mual vang tan zawngin a danna siam tur a ni.

17. THAR THEIH ZAT :

     i) Ram tin khat hmuna thar theih zat hi enkawl dan a zirin a danglam thei hle. Chubakah phun tam leh tlemah thui tak a innghat bawk.

     ii) Mizorama kan chin lar ber purple variety hi a thar hlawk lo ber a, tin khat hmunah a tlangpui thuin 20 – 40 qtls. a thar theih laiin a eng chi (yellow) hi 50 – 100 qtls. lai a thar thei thung.

     iii) Mizoramah hian tin khat hmunah 30 qtls. a thar thei tawh a, 40 qtls. tlin thei turin technology thar hmangin kan bei mek a, tin khat hmunah 40qtls. aia tlem lo kan thar chho thei ngei ang. Chuvangin sapthei chingtu ten thuawihna leh tih tak takna rilru kan put angai a ni.

18. SAPTHEI CHIN HI A HLAWK EM?:

      Sapthei tuna kan chin mek purple variety hi ram tin khat hmunah 20 – 40 qtls. a thar thei a, enkawl that chuan hei ai hian a sang thei a. New zealand –ah chuan 40- 100qtls. a thar thei a, kan ramah pawh quintal 40 aia tlem lo thar thei kan ni a, kan enkawl danah thui tak a innghat a ni. Tin khat hmunah quintal 40 lo thar ta ila, chu chu kg ah Rs. 10/- in hralh ni ta se, Rs 40,000/- kan lei thei dawn a ni. Tuna thingtlang lo kan neihah hian tin 1 hmunah tin 100 aia tam thar a har hle. Tin 100 lo thar ta ila, chu chu tin-ah Rs. 70 /- in hralh ta ila, Rs. 7000/- hu chauh a niang.Tichuan Sapthei atanga kan leichhuah Rs.40,000/- a nih laiin buh atang chuan Rs.7000/- chauh a ni ta a. Buh hmuna thlai dang tharchhuah hlut zawng hi Rs.5000/- angin lo chhut tel ta ila , avaiin Rs. 12,000/- a ni ang a, tichuan Rs 28,000/- in kan la hlawk thei tihna a nih chu.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7

19. A MARKET :

     Sapthei hi lo ching ve ta vakin thar chhuak teuh ta ila khawnge kan hralh tak ang tih zawhna lian tak a ni. A hralhna awm si lova, thar teuh ringawt chu a atthlak viau a ni. Tunah hian sorkarin Kg 1 Rs.10/- in an kawtkaiah a lei a, bazarah hralh a kal em em bawk a, harsatna lian tham a la awm lo niin a lang. Kumin 2006 hian sorkar-in theih tawp chhuahin tan a la a, nakumah chuan quintal 50,000 -1,00,000 vel thar theih a beisei awm. Chuvangin sorkar pawhin mut mawh hnar mawha neiin company lian te nen an indawr mek a, thu tawp siam a la nilo na a, hun rei lo teah M.O.U sign theih mai a beiseiawm. Kan thar chhuah a la tam tham lo avangin company lam tan lo luh a harsa deuh rih a,lo luh chak hle mahse sumdawng mi an nih avangin duh khawp lei tur awm si lova, lo luh hi an hreh ve deuh a ni. India ramah hian purple variety ching an tam lo hle a, tuna kan chin tawh ringawt chhut pawh hian India ramah sapthei ching hnem ber state kan ni tawh ngei ang. Chuvangin Company lian an lo luh a, kan thar chhuah ang angte min leisak theih nan tuna ching mek hian mawhphurhna sang tak kan nei a ni. A hralhna chu kan thar chhuah tam leh tlemah a innghat a nih chu.

20. SORKAR HMALAKNA LEH CHINGTUTE MAWHPHURHNA :

     i) Kum 2007-2008 chhung hian ram tin 30,000 hmun khuh thei turin hma a la dawn.

     ii) Purple variety chauh chin tura thutlukna siam a nih avangin feet 3,000 chunglamah chauh chin tur a ni ang.

     iii) Sapthei ching tur hian a chin theihna khua te chuan a rang thei ang bera hma lak tur.

     iv) Horticulture Department-in tih dan tura a tih te thuawih taka zawm tur.

     v) Kan tlangram lo neih thlak a, eizawnna ngelnghet din turin sapthei atangin bul kan tan thei.

     vi) Rinawmna leh taimakna hmangin Zoram i din thar ang u.

SAPTHEI EICHHETU RANNUNG LEH NATNATE

I. EICHHETU RANNUNG:

A) Fruitfly (Dacus tryoni) : A rah tet/sen laiin a zuk thin a, a puitlin hnuah a sak tulhin bawk a insiam thin a, chubakah a puitlin hmain a tla thin.

A vendan :

     i) A tang ro, eng leh hrisel lote November thlaah hlawi vek tur.

     ii) A chah siam tur (200ml. kurtai, 20ml. Systemic insecticide eg. Nuvan chawhpawlh burah dahin sapthei huanah a khat tawka dah tur.

     iii) Sapthei huanah leh a bul hnaiah fanghma leh bean chin loh tur.

     iv) Malathion 1ml. tui litre khatah pawlhin kah thin tur.

B) Mite (Brevipalpas Phoenices) : He rannung hi hrik te reuh te te, mita hmuh tham mang loh a ni a, a kung leh hnah a bawm a, a hnah a lo kirin a khawr nasa hle bawk thin a, sapthei rah a tipuitling lovin a kung a ti than thu bawk.

A vendan : Dicofol 1.5 ml. tui litre khata pawlhin emaw wettable sulphur 2gm. Tui litre khata pawlhin ni 15 danah vawi 3 kah tur.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7

C) Red scale (Aonidiella aurautii) : He rannung hi te reuh te sen vit vet, phuhlip nei a ni a, December – February thlaah a kung upa an bei hmasa a, a naupang lamah an pakai leh thin. A nasat chuan a than a thu-in a thih phah thin.

A vendan : Methyl parathion tui litre khata 1.5 ml. pawlhin kah tur.

D) Mealy bug (planococcus naciticus) : He rannung hi a var lam deuh , mawm ban deuh bawk si a ni a, a awmna ngaiah awm deuh rengin a vak sawn ngai vak lo . A zik no, par, hnah ro leh rah karah te a hlawmin an awm thin a, a chang chuan a rah pawh an bawm bawk, nipui chawhnu lam leh favang lamah an tam duh. A kung tuihnang an dawt a, chuvangin a than a thuin a hnah a tla a, rahtha thei lovin a kung thihna hial a thlen thin.

A vendan :

     i) A nasat lutuk loh chuan heng rannung Pu vana kawrkilh, khawibel leh rannung dang ten an ei ve thin avangin an veng zo ve mai bawk.

     ii) A nasat chuan white oil leh methidothion 2ml. leh tui litre khat chawhpawlhin kar 2-3 danah kah tur a ni. confidor 0.5 ml. tui litre khata pawlhin kah a tha bawk.

II. NATNATE :

A) Stem swelling ( a kung bawk): He natna hi a hluar hle a, a kungah bawk lianpui pui a rawn awm a, a tir lam chuan pawi-awm pawhin a lang lova, mahse a rei hnuah a kung chu a ler lam atangin a thi mai thin. He natna awm tirtu hi virus leh fungus inkawp nia hriat a ni.

A vendan :

     i) Sapthei kung khatah zar tam tak zuah loh tur.

     ii) Bawk/vung awmna zar chu hlawi a, halral tur.

     iii) A zar khawih chetin dim taka tih tur a ni a, hliam awm lo thei ang ber tura khawih chet tur.

     iv) Systemic insecticide, confidor 0.5ml. tui litre khata pawlhin kah thin tur.

B) Leaf blight (damping off) : He natna hian sapthei tiak a bei tlangpui a, lei seh chinah a lawng a, tui val ang deuh a lo awm thin. Tin a kung puitling tawh a beih chuan a hnah puitling sa atanga tanin a zikah leh a rahah a pakai thin. A beihna lai chu a rawng a lo dal a, a uk leh thin. Boruak a hnawn rei a, sik leh sa a duh zawng tak a nih phei chuan a pung chak em em thin a ni.

A vendan :

     i) Sapthei tiak a beih chuan Ridomil MZ -78 2gm tui litre khata pawlhin kah tur. Kui hmaa kahin a veng bawk.

     ii) A kung puitling a beih chuan a chunga pawlh dan tur sawi ang khian Ridomil MZ -78 emaw Dithane M – 45 in emaw kah tur.

     iii) Sapthei kuina chu tuitling rei thei lo tura siam tur.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7

C) Phytopthora blight (Phytopthora nicotianae) : Sapthei kung leh a tang chawr tharte a lo dum a, a hnah a tlain a kung a vuai a, a thi thin. A rah a beih chuan vutbuak angin durh/lawng a insiam a, a tla thin a ni.

A vendan :

     i) Tui luan ral zung zung theihna hmunah chauh sapthei chin tur.

     ii) Ridomil MZ – 78 2gm. Tui litre khata pawlhin ni 10 danag kah tur.

D) Leaf spot : Hei hi a ‘hnah val’ kan tih mai hi a ni a, chi hrang hrang a awm a, he natna hian a hnah a beih tawh chuan a rahin nasa takin a tuar thei a, a kungin a thih phah hial thei bawk.

A vendan :

     i) A tang hrisel lo leh natnaina beihte chu hlawi a, halral vek tur.

     ii) Copper oxychloride emaw mancozeb-in May atanga September chhungin chawlhkar 3 danah kah thin tur a ni a, October – April thla chhungin chawlhkar 2 danah kah bawk tur a ni.

E ) Virus (PWV-N) : He virus hi Passionfruit woodiness virus an ti a, he natnain a beih chu a hnah a engin a chhah bakah a khawr thin. A than a thuin a rah a sawng a, te reuh te te leh chhah tak tak , tak awm mang silo a ni thin a, a hralh tlak ngai loh. He virus hian rannung chikhat Aphids a pu darh a, a kung hriselah te a kai darh thin. A tang hlawina hmanrua atangte pawhin a darh thei bawk. He natna hi thlasik laiin a zual a, khawlum hunah a zia awm leh thin.

A vendan: A pu darhtu rannung Aphids ven nan confidor 0.5 ml. tui litre khata pawlhin emaw Nuvan 1ml. tui litre khata pawlhin kah thin tur.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-7