VANILLA

             

                              Botanical name     : Vanilla planifolia Andrews

                              Family     : Orchidaceae

                              Common Name     : Vanilla

     Vanilla hi Tropical Orchid (Nauban) chi khat a ni a, a rimtui em avang hian ngaihsan a hlawhin a lar hle . Chi hrang hrang 50 vel lai a awm nain, Vanilla siam chhuahna atan chuan chi hrang 3 vel chauh a pawimawh a, chungte chu Vanilla planifolia Andrews, Vanilla Pompona Schiede leh Vanilla tahitenis J.W. Moore Heng zingah hian vanilla planifolia hi a lar ber leh chin uar ber a ni. Vanilla atang hian vanillin an siam chhuak (extract) a, hei hi a man a toin an ngaisang em em a ni.

Leilung sik leh sa :

     1. Ram san zawng (MSL) – 1500m (Altitude) chung lam ;

     2. Khaw lum zawng (Temperature) – 250C- 32 0 C;

     3. Ruahtui – 150 -300 cm ;

     4. Lei duh zawng – Leitha , lei thawl leh tui luan ran zung zung theihna awihtlan deuhah a tha duh bik.

A tihpun dan :

     A tang tan (cut), 50cm aia tawi lo hman a ni ber.

A zamna thing :

     Vanilla hian nisa leh thli na lutuk hi a tuar thei lo hle a. 50 % hlim tal a awmna hnuaiah hian a tha duh zawk nghe nghe . Chuvang chuan Coconut , Kuhva leh Pepper karahte an ching thin. Hawng chang tak leh hnah te deuh hi a zamna atan a tha.

A phun dan tur :

     i) A khur len zawng – 30 X 30 X 30cm;

     ii) A inkar hlat zawng - 2m X 1.5 m;

     iii) Thing kara phun a nih chuan a zamna tur inhlat zawng kha a ni tur a ni.

A phun hun :

     August – September.

Enkawl zuina :

     i) Vanilla bulah chuan leitha leh hnimhnah leh lei titha leh tihnawng turin chhek khawm tur a ni.

     ii) Phun atanga kum 2-3 chhung chu kar khatah tui litre 2-3 tal pek tur.

     iii) Ni tha zawka a hmuh theih nan a zamna thing tangte chu hlawi zeuh zeuh tur a ni ang, a hnah tla lo chi a nih chuan fur hmaa hlawi tur a ni.

     iv) Vanilla hi a zam sei lutuk loh nan 1.2 -1.5m thleng vel a chho zawnga zamtir a, chumi hnuah lei lamah zar 5- 10 vel uai thlaktir leh a, a hmawrin lei a sik leh hnuah a tang hmawr chu leia khuh lehin a zar chhuahtir leh a, a chho zawng bawka zamtir leh tur a ni.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-3

Natna leh ei chhetu :

     i) Hmuar natna chi hrang hrang, a zik tawih, a kuang leh a rah tawih leh a rah puitling lo a tla. Heng natna te hi nieng leh daihlim a mamawh ang tawk a hmuh te, khaw ro laia a kung bula hnim hnah ro leh buhpawl tam tak dahte, a par a tawk chauha inthlah pawlh tir te, thal laia tui pek te leh tui luan ral zung zung theihna siamte hian nasa takin a veng thei a ni. Tin, thing pakhatah Vanilla kung tam lutuk zam tir hauh loh tur a ni. Natnain a bawmte hi a rang thei ang bera thenfai a, 1% Bordeaux emaw 0.2% Blitox (200g hi tui 100ltrs-a pawlh ) kah thin tur a ni.

     ii) Sephung chi khat (Lamellicorn beetles) leh Keltelaimawn vutbuak rawng (ash-grey weevil) ngun taka vil a, kuta thah leh damdawia kah thin tur a ni.

A par :

     December-March-ah a par tlangpui, kum thumnaah a par tan thei. Kum khatah vawi khat a par thin. A par a lo tam nan a par hma thla 2-3 velah a zir 10- 15cm velah sih chhum tur.

Inthlah pawlh tir (Artificial Pollination):

     i) A par rawn parh chhuah ni hmasa berah inthlah pawlh tir tur.

     ii) Zing dar 6:00 atanga chhun dar 12:00 chhung hi inthlah pawlh tir hun tha a ni.

     iii) Ha kherna emaw, hmawlhte emaw kut ding lama ken a, chumi chuan a chi bawm khuhtu (rostellum) chu nem tur a ni a, kutzungpui vei lamin a pa chi kha a nu chi-ah nuai thlak tur a ni.

     iv) Kung khatah par bawr 10-12 vel zuah tur a ni.

     v) A par parh hmasa lam chauh thlah pawlh tir tur.

     vi) Kan inthlah pawlh tir hnu kar khat velah a rah hi a puitling thin a ni.

A seng hun :

     A rah atanga thla 9-11 ah a seng a hun thin.

A sawngbawl dan :

     Vanilla rah hmin hian a malin rimtuina a nei hran lova, process/cure hnuah chauh a rim hi a awm thin a, a hnuaia sep 4 te hi a process dan chu a ni –

1) Killing (Athah) :- A rah (beans) te chu tihfai zawhah tui sa (630C – 650C) ah minute thum vel chiah tur a ni.

2) Sweating (Thlan tlaktir):-

     i) A rahte chu chhun nisa hnuaiah darkar 1 – 1 ½ vel dawhsan 75 -100 cm vel a sanga pho tur a ni.

     ii) Pho zawhah blanket-in tuam tlat a, thingrem boruak luh theih lohnaah khung tur a ni. A pho atanga thingrem a dahzawl chhung hian ni 10-12 vel a duh chauh a ni tawh ang.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-3

3) Slow drying (Tihro)

     i) Thinga siam chhuarah uluk taka chap tur a ni.

     ii) Ni 20-25 vel pho tur.

     iii) Rual taka a ro theih nan chawh reng tur a ni.

     iv) Tihro chhung hian room chhung hnawnna (R.H) hi 70% aia sanga siam tur a ni.

4) A rim tihchhuah (Conditioning)

     i) A sei zawng leh a kawm that dan a zirin thliar tur a ni.

     ii) A size inang ho chu 50/100 in emaw, a hmawr tawn tawna tawn khawm tur a ni.

     iii) Butter paper emaw, cellophane paper emaw ,polypropylene bag-ah uluk taka thunin boruak luh theih lohna hmunah dah tur a ni. Tichuan, a rimtui tak chu a lo insiam theih nan dah that tur a ni.

     iv) Vanilla awm zat – 2.5 % to 3.0 %

A thar :

     Kum 6-7 na velah 300 Kg./ha a thar theih a ni.

A hralhna ( Market):

     Khawvelin Vanilla a thar chhuah chu 1999 kum khan 6300 tonnes a ni a. Indonesia in 50% hi a thar a , a dang zawng chu Madagascar , Mexico, Tanga, Comoro leh Reunion atangtea thar an ni. Vanilla hi ram changkang pathum USA, France leh Germany te hian an lei nasa ber a. Germany leh France a leitute hi ramdangah pawh supplier an ni nghal a ni. Europe chuan vanilla quality deuh deuh a duh laiin USA chuan quality tha vak lo pawh a duh tho a ni. India ramah erawh chuan thar chhuah a la tlem rih avangin Vanilla rim damdawi atanga siamchawp an la hmang rih a ni.

Source :
Department of Horticulture
Mizoram : Aizawl
Pages :1-3

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