1. Editorial ………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Lehkhathawn…………………………………………………………..…………………..

1) Rothangpuia, Hmunkhawhar Farm, Vaphai

2) C.Laldawla, Saitual, Chhimveng

3. Stevia……………………………………………………………………………………………

- C.Lalzarliana

4. Huan I nei ve em………………………………………………………..…………………

- H.Lalthanpuia, DAO, Saiha

5. Mautam Tam Do………………………………………………….……………………….

- Thanghuta, M.Sc (Agri.) (Entomology)

6. Mizoramah Mautam a in tan ta…………………………………………………..

- James Lalsiamliana, APPO

7. Mizoram loneitute mamawh………………………………………………………..

- C.Lalnithanga, ASSO

8. Medical Values of Tea (Thingpui damdawi atana a thatna te)………..

- Dr. Lalmuanzovi, Asst.Project Director, MIP.

9. Panhnah (Betelvine)………………………………………………………………………

- Daniela, AEO, DAO Aizawl Office

10. KEIMAHNI………………………………………………………………………………………..

Editor

Lalramthanga Tochhawng

Director Of Agriculture

Joint Editors

H.Thangkhuma

Dy, Director of Agriculture

(Extension)

R.Zoramthanga

AAIO

Directorate of Agriculture

Cir. Manager

H.Joela

S.O.-Cum-S.A

Zoram Loneitu a

thuchhuah duh nei emaw,

lehkha thawn duh emaw

chuan a hnuaia Address-

ah thawn tur a ni.

Editor

ZORAM LONEITU

P.O. Box -098

Dte. Of Agriculture,

Mizoram: Aizawl

Pin 796001

EDITORIAL

Mizo pi leh pu te atang tawh khan Mizo te hi nun mawitak nei – mi

tlawmngai, mi taima, mi rinawm leh mite hmangaihna nei kan ni a, chu mai chu

nilovin, dikna ngaina leh intodelh hnam kan ni bawk a ni.

Kan Zonunmawi tak mai chhawm nun zel hi Mizo mipuite hian kan

tum tlan theuh a tul hle mai a. Therhlo ho te te it avangin kan zo nunmawi

zahawm tak hi kan hralh phal tur a ni lova. Kan ram a lo hmingthan a, kan ei

leh bar zawnna a kan hnathawh te pawh a lo hmuingil a, kan lo intodelh zel

theihna turin kan phak ang tawk tawkin tan kan la sauh sauh tur a ni.

Kum 2007-a Mautam lo thleng tur atana kan sawrkar inbuatsaihna

Buffacos programme hi a tha em em a. Tin, Mizoram intodelhna Programme

hmanga sawrkar hmalak mek na te pawh hi uluk tak leh awmze nei tak a duan

a ni a, a vanneih thlak em em a ni. Heng programme tha tak tak sawrkarin a

duan leh a kalpui mek te hi ti hlawhtling ngei tura Zo nunmawi tak nei leh

chhawm nung chungin taima takin, rinawm tak leh dikna ngaina chunga tan

lak chhoh sauh sauh hi Mizorama cheng te hian kan tihtur a ni tih I hrechhuak

thar zel teh ang u. Kan Pathian thuawihna enna tur leh dikna enna tur atan

pawh hian heng sawrkar programme pawimawh leh tha tak tih hlawhtlin hi

kan Pathian hian kan kut a adah a ni tih hre thar leh the ang u khai.

Kan ram leh kna hnam leh keimahni kan lo zahawm a, kan hlim

theihna turin taimak I chhuah thar leh sauh teh ang u.

To,

The Editor,

Zoram Loneitu

Directorate of Agriculture

Mizoram, Aizawl Pin-796001.

Kapu,

I (kan) Chanchinbu 'Zoram Loneitu' Vol-47 Issue No.4 October-

December, 2004 a, " Hnam zahawm nan Eibara Intodelh" thupui hmanga

article rawn ziaktu, Pu C. Lalzarliana, Joint Director of Agriculture i/c Project

Directory MIPEA khan ava rawn ziak tha em em ve le!! "Ranthleng leh

Thinganchhedawng leh Vana Lallukhum a inzawm' tih ang mai. Mimal,

Chhungkua, Khawtlang, Ram leh Hnam, Chatuan Nunna kawng dik min va

kawhhmuh teh reng em. Keini Kut hnathawktute tan chuan chhung inkhawm a

thupui bera hman chi a ni e, Khatiang lam hawi thu khan kei ni Kut

hnathawktute min rawn fuih fo turin ka ngen a. ka phut nghal bawk e.

I chanchinbu ngainatu,

Sd/-Rothangpuia

Hmunkhawhar Farm

Vaphai, Mizoram.

To,

The Editor,

Zoram Loneitu

Directorate of Agriculture

Mizoram. Aizawl Pin-796001.

Ka pu,

'Zoram Loneitu' hi kumnga dawn lai ka lo dawng ve tawh a. Ka

tangkaipuiin, Mithiam tak takin thu an han ziak hi ka sawt puiin ka

hmangtangkai ém ém a.

Nimahsela kum hnih dawn lai ka dawng ta lo a. Zoram loneitu hi

a tawp ta nge engmah ka hre lo a. A la chhuak anih chuan khawngaih takin min

han thawn ve leh thei ula, ka lawm hle ang.

Saitual chhimluang ramah Leilet ka siam ve a. 1997 a tan ka ni a.

Kumin hian kan let tan leh bakah a velah Thlai kumhlun —Nimbu, Kuhva,

Hatkora te chin kan tum a. Tin, Leilet-ah pawh hian Buh pawh phur 100 lai ka

thar ve tawh a.

Chuvangin, Zoram Loneitu hi min zirtirtu leh ka innghahna a ni a.

Thu tha tak tak in chhuah leh Hlo thah dan in sawi te hi ka tangkaipui a.

Khawngaihtakin a la chhuak a nih chuan copy min han thawn ula. Pawisa a

ngai a nih pawhin ka lo pe ve mai ang.

Dt. 13.6.2005

I rintlak,

Sd/-C.Laldawla

Saitual Chhimveng

STEVIA

Botanical Name : Stevia xebaudiana

Common Name : HONEY LEAF

MIZO : HNAHTHLUM.

A To Bul :

Khawizu hnah/hnim hnahthlum (Stevia) hi South America a ram bung pakhat Paraguay

atanga chhuah leh chin tan a ni a. Kum 1500 Chuang zet kal ta atang khan he hnim chikhat hi ei

leh in turte tih thlum/tih tuina atan chini aiah an lo hmang daih tawh a ni. He hnim (stevia) hi

Asteraceae chhungkua zing a mi niin "Cheeni tulsi" emaw "Mou tulsi" tiin an ko bawk thin.

Tunlaiin he hnim/thlai hi khawvel hmun hrang hrang ah mamawhna leh duh nate a lo pung chho

telh telh a, athlum tui em avang hian hun lo kal zel turah phei chuan kan ei leh in turte

sawngbawl tuina atan ber chini aiin hman a la nih ngei a rinawm. Paraguay ram a hmun sang tak

pakhat Rio Monday a luite kam velah hmuh chhuah tan a ni. A tirah chuan a hming hi "kaa—he—

he" tiin an kova, a awmzia chu "hnim hnah thlum" tihna mai a ni. Guarani a Cheng Indian ho phei

chuan mi dangten an hriat tak tak hma kum za tam tak kal khan he hnim hnah thatna thuruk hi

an lo hmu chhuak daih tawh a. A thlum that em leh a rimtuina te avang hian an thil in turah te a

hnahte telhin damdawi atan leh in tur tihtui nan bakah ka chhung tih rimtui nan an lo hmang

tawh thin a ni.

He Khawizu hnah/hnim hnah thlum finna hmangin a tangkainate hmuh ani a. Ei leh in

turte tih rimtui leh damdawi tihtui nan te, damdawi hrang Siam nan te leh ran leh mihring chaw

atan bakah thlai damdawi chi hrang hrang siam chhuahna atan te hman mek a ni.

A Nih Phung :

Aseraceae chhungkua zing a mi niin hnim(herb) chi khat a ni a. A kung san zawng hi a tlangpuiin

65-70 a hnah laihawl khat a ni a. A kung san atlangpuiin 65 — 70 cm a ni a. Tin, a hnahte hi

tungsawl lam niin a hnah hretah a kak/rek a, a par a var a, te tak te te a ni. Tin, a hnahte hi fei

angin a Zum zuih a, a hnah vanglam aiin a hnahzum sei lam hi a let 3 velin a sei zawk a, a hnah

kuang a tawi hle bawk a ni. Rannung hmangin a inthlah pung (insect— pollinated) thin. A chi len

zawng hi 3mm a seia ni ber a, a dum leh sen uk rawng an pawl ber bawk. Ni/khaw en chhung

darkar 14 aia rei lo anih chuan a par tan mai thin a, hei vang hian short day plant an tih zing a mi

a ni. A hnah thlumna siamtu ber "Stevioside" hi khaw en/ni rei poh leh a insiam tam mai thin.

A hnah a thlumna petu hi thil chi hrang hrang heng stevioside, rebaudiside — A, C,

dulcoside leh a dang chi ruk ten an siam a ni. Tin, a thlum zawng hi a tehna a tehin kan ei thin

chini (table sugar) ai hian a let 250 — 300 vel zetin a thlum zawk a, fu a thlumna siamtu ber

"sucrose" ai hian a let 300 in a thlum zawk bawk a ni.

THLUMNA PETU (STEVIOSIDE) LEH A PAWIMAWHNATE :

A thlumna siamtu ber stevioside hi a hnah atangin an la chhuak ber a. A hnah hian stevioside hi

9-12% a pai a. Tin, he hnim/thlai hi a thlum hle nachungin chini te leh thlumna petu atan a siam

chawp thil dangte ang lovin calorie a pai ve miah lo ( 100% free) thung a ni. Hetiang a a that em

avang hian ram tam tak, a bikin Japan ramah phei chuan an ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang te

sawngbawlna atan an hmang uar tawh hle a ni. Tin, Vietnam Sorkar pawhin ei leh in tih thlum leh

sawngbawlna atan calorie pai chi heng sacharin leh cyclamate ang te hi hman a phal tawh loh

avangin a thlaktu atan he hnim/thlai hi kum 1988-ah khan an ramah la lutin zir chian na te neiin

an lo Ching tan daih tawh a ni. A hnah ro hian glycoside 8% a pai laiin a tang/kuang te chuan 1%

chiah an pai ve thung a ni. A thatna em em dang leh chu chini/siam chawp damdawi te ang lovin

ei leh in tur chi te, chhang leh thil dang dangah te telh an ni a, chhuan sat a ngaih pawhin a rawng

a tidanglam/ut/ti uk phah Chuang lo a ni. Heng te avang hian ei tur leh in tur chi hrang hrang

siamna a hman atan chini emaw siam chawp thil dang (artificial chemical) te aiin an tha bik em

em a ni.

A HRALHNA LAM VE THUNG :

Khawvel ram hrang hrangin ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang te tih tui nan leh sawngbawlna atan

hian thlai/hnim atanga siam ni lo, chemical damdawi hmang a thil tih thlumna siam chawp chi hi

ton 62,000 zet kum tinin an hmang ral ziah thin a chhut a ni a. Heng damdawi siam chawpte

thlakna tur hian he hnim hnah/thlai (stevia) hi Ching dawn ila ram 186.000 ha. zet a zau a

mamawh a ni. Europe ram ringawt pawh khuan siam chawp (chemical) ei leh in turte tih

thlumna atan kum tin ton 10,000 an hmang a, heng mamawhte hi he thlai/hnim hmang a

phuhruk tur chuan ram 26,000 ha. a zau a chinna atan a mamawh dawn tihna a ni. Tun

dinhmunah hian khawvel ram hrang hangin Khawizu hnah/hnah thlum (stevia) kum khat a a

tharchhuah zat chu ton 2000 vel chauh a la ni rih a ni. Japan ram ringawt pawh khuan kum khat

chhung a a hman zat chu ton 50 a tling daih a ni.

Mithianten an chhut danin India ramah hian zunthlum natna vei mektu mihring nuai 210

an awm mek a, kum 2010-ah phei chuan nuai 600-ah a chhoh ngei an ring. India ramah hian

thingpui in hi mi Cheng tam zawk mah hian an nghei/sim thei tawh lo tluk ani a, heng thingpuite

hi a tih thlumna atan a tam berin chini an hmang mek a. Amaherawhchu, heng chini te emaw

siam chawp thil thlum chite hmang a thingpui leh ei leh in tur dangte tih thlumna atan hman reng

anih chuan zunthlum natna in a huat avangin he natna veitute chuan thingpui emaw thil thlum

dang an ei ngam dawn tawh avangin hemi thlakna atan hian he hnim/ dai hi chin uar anih chuan

ram dang a thawn chhuak kher lo pawhin India ramah ringawt pawh a hralhna tur a harsat

hmelloh a ni. Chuvangin, he hnim/thlai hi chin uar tlak a niin eizawnna atan pawh a hman tlak

ngei anih a rinawm a ni.

ALEI DUH ZAWNG : He hnim hnah thlum hi lei chi hrang hrangah hlawhtling takin a chin theih

nachungin balu lei leh lei tak (sawntlung lei) —inpawlhna emaw changtual lei lam ang chi a

ngeih ber a ni. Hetiang ang leiah hian hnimhnah tawih leh thildang atanga insiam a tam duh hle a

ni. Amaherawhchu, tlak lei leh leh lei nghet leh tui tlinna ang hmunah an tha mawh hle a ni. Lei

hnawng a mamawh viau laiin tui tling reng leh lutuk erawh chu a chinna atan a thalem lo. Lei te a

thur leh thur loh tehna hmanga the a nih in pH 6-7 hi a tha/ngeih ber a. hetiang ang pH kher lo

leiah pawh hlawhtling takin a chin theih tho bawk. A zungte a awm pawn lang em avangin tui

tling a ngai thei lova, chuvangin a theih hram chuan a chinna tur hmun chu (4-6 inches) a vang 2-

3 ft a lian leh sei zawng chu a ram rem dan a siam nithei se a tha. Heng hai pawnah te hian tlar

hnih(2)-in a chin len theih tawk vel a ni. Duhthusamah chuan tui tling a awmloh nan a

paihchhuahna tur tha taka siam a pawimawh hle a ni.

SIK LEH SA MAMAWH : Khawizu hnah (stevia) hi ram lum lutuk lo, vawt lutuk lo (Mizoram ang)

sub- tropical ramah an tha duh ber a.

Heng ramah te hian thlai kum hlun (kum 2 aia rei) atan an Ching tlangpui a ni. Phaizawl

atanga hmun zo (tlangsang) thlengin hlawhtling takin a chin theih a. Hmun sang deuh a chin

anihin thlumna petu glycoside hi a pai tam duh bik bawk. Khawvawt, a bik takin zan lam vawt hi

a tuar thei lo hle laiin khaw vawt hrim hrim chu -6°C thlengin a tuar thei thung a ni. A tlangpuiin

boruak lum lam 18-35°C ah te hlawhtling takin a chin theih laiin 15-30°C vel a lum hi a ngeih ber

thung a ni. Ser lam chi ten an tuar theih ang tawk thlasik khaw vawt hi chu an tuar khawchhuak

ve thei a. Nipui nisat vanglai angah chuan daihlim te pawh an mamawh ve deuh thin a chuvangin,

drip irrigation hmang a tui kan pe thei lo anih chuan khawlum zual laia an chhiat loh nan a kung

bulah hnimhnah/chhawl emaw thil dang te pawh a kung nisa laka veng thei tur leh hnawng pe

turin dah a tha hle. Nisat zawng aimahin ni rei/khaw en chhung rei leh rei loh hian a than danah

awmzia a hril zawk a, thla 3 chhungin 45 cm a sangte an tling hman a ni. Ni a rei hian a hnah a ti

thang duang a, ni a rei loh chuan (darkar 14 aia tlem) a par tan mai thin. Lei thatna hmuna chin a

uluk taka enkawlin 1 metre a sang lai te pawh an tling chho thei a ni.

A CHI LAK DAN :

Khawizu hnah (stevia) hi chi hrang tam tak a awm a, a thlum dan pawh a in anglo zung a ni.

Chuvangin a chi tha a thlum bik chi (stevioside pai tam) atang chauhin a chi lurhi lak thin tur a ni.

A tlangpui thuin a rah atanga a chi (seed) hmangin chin ve thin ani nachungin a to/tiak

that duhloh em avang leh a dazat a tam duh thin avangin eizawnna atan atam tham a chin dawn

chuan a chi (seed) chin aiin a tang (stem) tan chhum chin atan a hman hi a thlanawm zawk a

ngaih a ni.

A CHI TUR SIAM / SAWNGBAWL DAN :

A tang tan chhum hi a chi atan that ber avangin tam tham a chin dawn chuan a chi tur siam

chhuah (planting material) nan hian tha a mamawh tam hle a ni. A thlum tha chi ngei tih hriat

tangte chu 2-4 inches vel a sei, lei seh chin atanga a hnah peng pahnihna aia hniam lo, kung hrisel

leh thang duang tak atanga lak tur a ni. A tang lerlam a hnah 2 emaw 3 emaw tihloh a hnah hnuai

lam a mi chu paih vek nise. Tichuan, chi tura lak a tang/kungte chuan zung an chhuah hma theih

nan paclobutra zol damdawi @100ppm a siamah chiah leh tur a ni. He damdawi kan sawi ni kher

lo damdawi chi dang thlai zung thlak that tirtu te pawh hemi kan sawi aiah hian a hman theih tho

bawk a ni. A bik takin heng damdawi a chiah anih chuan February- March thla, ruahtui la tlak tak

tak hma si a phun an nihin a thazia a lantir leh zual a ni. Hetianga a tang hmawr te damdawi a

uluk taka chiah hnuah bawngek, balu leh lei tha dangte uluk taka chawhpawlhin sarang ip (poly-

bag) ah thunin a chi tur a lak a tangte chu phun tur a ni. Heng ip (poly-bag) ah hian chawlhkar 2-

3 chhung dah tur a ni a, tichuan, zung a rawn chhuah/thlak sei deuh hnuah sarang ip lian (4-5

inches) ah sawn chhuak lehin kar 2-4 chhung dah leh tur a ni. Tichuan, nisa tha tak a an hmuh

theihna turah phun sawn hma chu dah tawhtur a ni. Kum khat thlai tura (kum 1 chhunga seng

hman) chin dawn chuan a chingtu tur tan a chi tur buatsaih uluk hi a pawimawh em em a ni. Hei

hian a thar hlawk leh hlawklohah pawh kori a tu nasa hle a ni.

A CHINNA TUR LEILUNG BUATSAIH DAN :

A chinna tur lei chu uluk takin khawl hmangin emaw hmanrua kan neih theih ang ang hmangin

dip tha taka lehphut tur a ni. Hemi ni tur hian vawi 2-3 vel tal lei leh nawn a ngai a ni. Lei kan leh

hnuhnung ber rual hian leitha (F Y M) 25 MT acre khat zel hisapin leiah thehdarhin leh hnan tur a

ni. Chumi hnuah chuan kan chinna tur ram chu bial hrang hrangah thehdarhin tui tling tur

paihchhuahna leh tui pekna tur tui luankawrte siam leh tur a ni a, hemi zawhah chuan a inkar

hlat dan a mamawh tawk en chungin kan phun thei tawh a ni.

Duhthusamah chuan a chinna tur lei hi hai pawng thei ila a tha ber a, A pawng san zawng

hi 15 cm leh a vang 60 cm (2-3 ft) vel tal a zau ni bawk se a tha a, a sei zawng erawhchu a ram

rem danin siam tawh mai tur a ni. Heng lei hai pawnah hian a tlar leh tlar 40 cm leh a thlai leh a

thlai 23-24 cm a inhlatin phun mai tawh tur a ni. Hetiang a Phun hian arce khatah kung 30,000

vel a leng thei a ni.

A PHUN DAN :

A Phun hun atan chuan May thla chawhma lam atanga thla laihawl thleng hi a tha ber a ngaih a ni.

A tlangpui thuin hectare khatah kung 1,00,000 Phun hi a tha tawk vel a ngaih a ni a, chumi ni tur

chuan a Phun kar hlat zawng atan 50-60 cm x 45 cm emaw 45 cm x 30 cm hi hman tur a ni.

Amaherawhchu, zing deuh hlek a Phun hian a thar a hlawk zawk avangin hectare 1-ah kung

1,00,000 atanga 1,55,000 thleng pawh hi pawilo tur a ngaih ani.

A ENKAWL ZUI DAN :

He (stevia) hian a chinna tur atan sawntlung lei/changtual lei hi a ngeih ber a. A zungte hi lei

pawnlang te ah an awm avangin balu lei ang chi a kan ching dawn anih chuan chaw khamkhawp

an hmuh tawk thinloh avangin leitha pek belh ngei theih hi duhthusam a ni. Chubakah, a lo

puitlin dawn hian an zungte hian vawt an tuar theihloh em avangin chutiang, hnawng lutuk

pumpelh nan chuan tui paihna kawr siam ngei a tha a ni.

Tin, kan chin chhan ber a hnahte anih miau avangin rahchhuah tura par tir kherloh hi a

thazawk. A kung hi a riain a sang zawng a thang iak iak chi anih avangin a hnah a tam theih nan a

zik sih chhum a tha hle, hei hian a tawi buk tir a, a thar thlengin a hlawk phah bawk a ni.

LEI THA PEK :

He hnim/thlai (stevia) hian thlai dangte ngaihtuah chuan lei tha/chaw a mamawh tlem deuh a

ngaih a ni. Amaherawhchu, a chaw mamawh zat hriat awlsam theih nan a chinna leilunga lei tha/

thlai chaw awmdan endik hmasak theih erawh tih ngei a tha. Fertilizers zingah pawh phosphoric

emaw potash pai tam, nitrogen pai tlem zawk chi ang ho hi a mamawh hnem zual ani.

Acre khat zel a lei tha (NPK) a mamawh zat hi 110 : 45 : 45 Kg a ni. Hemi awmzia chu a

chinna tur ram acre 1 (khat) atan Urea bag 41/2 DAP bag 2 leh potash bag 2 a mamawh a ni. DAP

pek tur zawng zawng hi a chinna tur leilung buatsaih laiin leiah lehpawlh tur a ni a, Urea leh

Potash erawhchu then darhin thla tinin (top dressing) pek thung tur a ni. A bik takin Urea

(Nitrogen) hi a ro (dry matter) a ei tur atan chin anih chuan pek ngei tur a ni.

A Chang chuan leitha chi khat boron an tlakchham vangin a hnah val te te a rawn lang

thin a; hetiang tlakchham phuhruk nan hian borax @6% pek tur a ni. Tin, Manganese tui nen a

pawlh a kah hian a thlumna a tihthat bakah a hnah thar a ti hlawk duh bik ani.

TUI PEK :

Hlawk taka thar tur chuan tui tha tawk a pek a mamawh a. Khaw ro a tuar chakloh em avangin a

bik takin nipui (summer) laiin tui pek ngun a ngai zual a ni. Chuvangin, nipui lai chuan a lo berah

pawh ni 8 kar danah tui pek ngei a tha. A tlangpuiin a hnah zik hmawr a lo uai/vuai chuan tui pek

ngei a ngai tih hriat a tha. Leitha emaw chhawl emaw te a kung bul a dah thin hian lei ro lutuk tur

a veng thei a. Duhthusamah chuan tui pek nan hian tui pekna hmanrua micro-sprinkler hi hman

ngei ni thei se a tha ber. Hetiang hmang hi chuan boruak lum leh hnawng awm dan a zirin

thlasikah vawi 1 leh nipuiah 2 ni khatah pek a tawk hle a ni. Tui hi an than puitlinna atan lei

tihnawng tawk a awm reng hi a tha a, hetiang tur hian a zing thei anga tui pek thin a tha a ni.

Amaherawhchu, a puitlin dawn hnaih/a par dawn hnaihah hnawng a tam lutuk chuan a chhiat

phah thei thung ani tih hriat a tha hle.

HLO THLAWH :

Thlai dang ang bawkin hlawk taka thar tur chuan uluk tak a hlo thlawh a ngai a. A kungte a san

lemloh avang hian hnim dangin a dip loh nan a zing thei ang a hlo thlawh thin a tha. Thlai dang

ang lovin hlo thlawh nan hian hlo tur (herbicides/ weedicides) lam chite hmanloh a him/tha ber

a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian hlo thlawh nan hian kuta hlo thlawh a that ber avangin a hautak

deuh va, amaherawhchu, lei hai pawn (raised bed) a chin chuan awlsam takin hlote hi a thlawh

theih bakah a kung bul leite chehphut leh vur a tih nghal theih avangin a tha zawk hle a ni.

Å EICHHETU RANNUNG :

He hnim hnah thlum hian eichhetu rannungte a ngah lem lo hle a. A hnah eichhe thintu pangang

(cutworm) hi chuan a bei ve bawk thin. Tin, Septoria natna hi a kung leh hnah upa lutukah te a

lang ve thin. Ram ngaw bul hnai a chin a nihin sakhi leh sazupuite hian a hnah thlum duh avangin

an ei ve bawk thin a ni.

Hnim hnah tawih leh tawih dur tamna, bawng ek etc. te hmang a chin anih hian fertilizer

hmang a chin aiin a nihna (quality) leh a thar a thain a hlawk bik ani. Tin, a kung/hnah te hian

rannung tana hlauhawm tur a pailo nachungin a thlum em em na avang hian eichhetu rannung

chi hrang hrang lakah a him phah a, thlai eichhe nasa em em thintu khau ho phei chuan an kal

kan/hel phah thin e an ti a ni.

A PAR LAWH / THLAWN :

A hnah thlumna tipung/tisang tur leh a hnah leh kungin ni eng tam tawk a khawl a, alo than that

zawk theih nan a par veleh a par te chu lawh/thlawn tur a ni. A par te hi a Phun atanga chhutin ni

30, 45, 60, 75 leh 85-ah leh a seng hunah te lawh/paih thin a tha. Phun thar ni lo a hli (ratoon) a

nih chuan a tlangpuiin seng hmasak ber atanga chhutin ni 45-naah a par hi a rawn chhuah leh a,

tichuan, a par lawh chu hemi hun lai leh heta tanga ni 40 leh ni 55-na leh a seng hun (ni 90) ah tih

leh mai tur a ni.

A SENG :

A seng theih hun hi a chinna leilung, a chi (variety) leh a chin hun a zirin a danglam thei a. A

tlangpuiin May thla a phun anih chuan September thla laihawl atangin thla tawp thlengin a seng

hun tha a ni. Hetiang hunah hian 50-70 cm a sang ani hman ber a, a kung buk zawng pawh 45-60

cm a ni thin. Ni/khaw eng a hmuh reiloh hian a par hma a. A seng hun a tha ber chu a par hma hi

a ni. Hetih hunah hian a hnah quality a that mai bakah a hnah thar a tamin biomass a pai pawh a

tam bik em em a ni.

A tlangpuiin a hnah seng dan chu kut a mal/lawh emaw a kuang/tang chawpin lei seh

chin atanga 10-15 cm a sangah hleh/ tan mai tur a ni. A tang/kung chawp a seng dawn chuan a

tang sei zawng

ah Shchhum tur a ni. Seng har/tlai hi a tha zawk mah a ngaih a ni. A chhanchu

ni reilo leh favang khaw vawt chho ah hian a thlumna a belhchhah nasa bik a ni. Khaw vawt/ram

vawt a chin anih chuan vur tla hi an haw hle a, heng laka veng tur hian sarang (polythene) emaw

thil dang a khuh hian a chhan mai bakah a thlumna pawh a tisang thei a ni.

A seng dan a awlsam ber ni a lang chu bakcheh lian (pruning shears) hmangin chin

atanga 4 inches a sangah a tang chawpin tan chhum mai tur a ni. A tang hmawr lam te hian a

hnahte ang bawk a tam thlumna a pai ve a ni. Tichuan, kum 3 a upa a lo nih tawh chuan a thar a

hlawk tawhlo tan thin avangin a kung thar Phun emaw a hmun thar siam leh thin tawh tur a ni.

SENG HNO SAWNGBAWL DAN :

A tang chawp a seng anih chuan a hnahte chu a tang/kuang tel lovin mal thlak vek tur a ni a, a

tang zawng chu paih vek tawh tur a ni. Tichuan, a hnah hringte chu thingpui emaw in tur emaw ei

chi thlumna atan a hman nghal theih a ni. A hnah rova nakin a ei emaw hralh sum a chan tir tur

chi anih chuan a tihrona khawl hmangin emaw hmun lumah emaw nisa hmangin tihro mai tur a

ni. A hnahte chu a ro that viau hnuah hrikfai tur a ni, tichuan, bur phui tha takah dahthat tawh

mai tur a ni. A hnah ro tha tawh te hi kum tam tak chhung chhe lo leh a thlumna te hlauh lovin a

dahthat theih a ni.

A TIHRO DAN :

A hnah leh tang te tihro nan hian khawl emaw nisa a phovin emaw a tih theih a. Boruak awmdan

leh a dah chhah dan a zirin a rona tur hian a hun mamawh pawh a danglam a. tlangpuiin boruak

lum zawng 40-50°C ah chuan tha taka ro turin darkar 24-48 thleng a mamawh a ni. A tihrona

atan hian hnangtah awng deuh emaw, len pawh a hman theih a. A ro hma nan hian boruak lum

lutuk aiin boruak a hmuh that a pawimawh mah zawk. Nisa tha tak hnuaia pho chuan darkar 12

chhungin tha takin a ro hman a ni. A ro har lutuk tur thlumna petu (stevioside) a pai a tlem phah

thei. A tihro nan hian khawl (dehydrator) pawh a hman theih nachungin nisa a phoro hi

thlanawm/tha zawk a ngaih a ni.

Tin, a thlumna tak tak la chhuak tur chuan a hnahte tha taka tihro hnuah tihdip/

rawtsawm tur a ni a. A tihdip nan hian kut emaw electric current hmang khawl (grinder) emaw a

bika siam khawl te a hman theih a. Hetia tihdip hnuah hi chuan tuilum no 1 ah a dip no chanve

chanve leh (1/4) telhin uluk taka chawhpawlhin darkar 24 hnuah Refrigerator emaw a vawn

thatna khawlah emaw dah that tawh mai tur a ni.

A THAR THEIH ZAT :

A hring thauva bukin ram hectare (tin 2 ½ ) khat a zau ah 21,500 Kg a thar theih a. Hei hi a hnah

leh kuang te tiam vekin a ni. Phoro hnuah erawh chuan 6,000 Kg vel ani tlangpui. A hnah leh

kuang/tang te hi phoro hnuah thliar hran tur a ni. A hnah leh kuang/tang rih zawng hi a in ang

vel a chhut a ni.

A DAH THAT DAN : Tha taka phoro hnuah a hnahro te chu plastic emaw sarang a tuam chhuah

vek lehkhakhawng bawmah emaw bawm phui tha takah dah that tur a ni a. Hemi hnuah hian

phui taka charin a pawnah chhinchhiahna fel taka ziakin mahni duhdan a la siam danglam leh

theih turin dah that tawh mai tur a ni. A dip (powder) a siam tawh anih chuan phui tha taka

bawm/ip a char hnuah hralh emaw dahthat emaw a theih a ni.

A TANGKAINA/A HMANNA TE : "Thatna leh tangkaina tam tak zingah a tuina te, a rimtuina te

leh a thlumna avang hian a nei a. Hengte a neih avang hian ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang heng

thingpui, Ice-Cream, chhang, Pickles, Chewing gum etc. ah te hian a titui leh tirimtui turin an

pawlh thin a ni. Tin, ei leh in tura pawlh thin thil thlum heng chini leh chemical atanga

siamchawp ho ai hian thatna bik a neih chu a thlum bik em em hi a ni. Tunlai a kan ei

thin fu atanga siam chini ai hian a let 250-300 vel zetin a thlum zawk a, Chu mai

bakah 100°C thleng a sa leh pH 3-9 ah pawh a thlumna hi a pangngaiin chhum so bawrh bawrh

pawhin a rawng a tihdanglam phah Chuang lo. Thlumna hi thil chi hnih Stevioside (3-10%) leh

rebaudiside A (1- 3%) ten an siam a ni a. A dip a siam hian stevioside 81-91% a pai laiin a hnah

phoro ringawt chuan 12% chiah a pai thung a ni.

Tin, ram hmul damdawi ang pawhin hmanna tam tak a awm a chungte chu zunthlum,

thisen sang, vun, plague, hypoglycemia, candidiasis, ruhna damdawi atan bakah ha nawhna hlo,

ka tihfaina (mouth wash) leh anti-biotic damdawi dang siamnan te an hmang nasa hle. Tin,

calorie leh carbohydrate a pai loh avang hian tunlai a zunthlum natna veitute tan chini aia ei atan

duhthusam a ni. Chu bakah thau leh thlum pai tam ei avanga thau lutuk emaw rih lutuk hlau te

tan a tha bik em em a ni. Hei bakah hian taksa tana hlauhawm thei cholesterol pawh a tihniam

thei a ni.

Kan sawi tak angin tun dinhmunah khawvel ram tam zawkin ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang

te sawngbawl tuina atan chini emaw chemical atanga siamchawp heng aspartance/sodium

sacharin te an la hmang nasa hle a. Amaherawhchu, heng hmang a thil siam chhuahte hi taksa

hriselna atan a tha tawklo a hriat anih avangin heng te thlakna atan hian he Khawizu hnah

(Stevia) hi duhthusamin a tha a ni. Chu lovah tunlai khawvelah chini telhloh ei leh intur duhna a

lo pun zel avangin chini thlaktu atan tam zawk chin a mamawh a, hei hian mi tam tak tan

eizawnna kawng thar a rawn hawng dawn ni pawhin alang. Tun dinhmunah Japan ramah chuan

bazar a ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang an zawrh a 40% chu khawizu hnah (Stevia) hmanga siam an

ni tawh a ni.

Heng bakah hian mihringin a kan ei leh in tur ni kher lo heng Agriculture lam damdawite,

ran chaw atan te, cellulose industry atan te leh damdawi chi dang dangte leh thil tamtak atan

hman mek ani a. Hetiang taka hnim hnah/thlai hrisel a ni chunga khawvel ram hrang hrang ten

an la ching uar lo hi chu a mak hle zawk a ni.

A CHIN THATNA CHHAN TE :

He khawizu hnah (Stevia) hi kan sawi tak ang khan a thatna a tam em avangin thlai chin tlak pawl

berte zing ami a ni awm e. Tin, a thlumna te, calorie leh carbohydrate a pai lo te, a tawih thei lo te,

thil dang a pawlhin a rawng a tidanglam Chuanglo te, thil sa takah pawh anihna a hlauh lo te a

chhiat har em em nate hi a that bikna kn ti thei ang. Ei leh in tur chi hrang hrang, a hring emaw a

chhumah emaw pawh tih rimtui leh tih thlumna atan an hmang uar hle a. A bik takin heng ram

China, Korea leh Japan te phei chuan an hmang nasa lehzual a ni. Japan ram ringawt pawh khian

kum tinin ton 50 aia tlemlo he khawizu hnah hi an hmang ral ziah ani.

Éizawnna atan pawh hmang dawn ila thlai chin tlak ber te zing a mi ni a a lanna chu a

hralhna lamah harsatna a awmlo/tlem tura ngaih a ni hi a ni. A chhan chu ram tam takin chaw

atan a hman ei leh in turte leh damdawi lam te tih tuina atan chini an hmanna turah 30% hi chini

hmang lovin chemical atanga siam chawp damdawi thlum an hmang mek a, heng hman hi a hrisel

tawk loh avangin a thlakna atan chuan he khawizu hnah (Stevia) a that ber avangin tam tham a

tharchhuah a lo nih pawhin a hralhna turah harsatna a awm dawn lo niin a lang a ni.

Khawizu hnah (Stevia) thil dang thlumna petu a hman te aia a that biknate chu hengte hi

a ni :

1. 100% hi siam chawp nilo Khuanu siam thlumna hriselna atan a tha a pai.

2. Calorie a pai lo.

3. Fu atanga siam chini aiin a let 250-300 in a thlum zawk.

4. 198-200°C a sa ah pawh anihna a hlauh lo.

5. Thil dang nen a pawlhin a tichhia/tawih phah lo.

6. Ei leh in turah telhin a tuina leh rimtuina a belhchhah.

7. Natna chi hrang hrang tan damdawiah a hman theih.

8. Zunthlum natna vei tan chaw tha leh damdawi tha a ni.

9. Taksa tana hlauhawm tur a pai lo.

10. Ran vulh chi ho tan chaw tha a ni.

11. Mihring ei leh in tur hrang hrangah pawlh anih in a ti tuitu atan a that mai bakah hriselna

atan a tha in taksa tan harsatna (side effect) engmah a thlen lo a ni.

Heng kan sawi bakah hian eizawnna atan a chin tlak anihna em em pakhat chu

ram zim te ah pawh pawisa tamtak a thar chhuah theihin a phun atanga rei loteah a rah seng leh

theihin a enkawl a nuam a, kan ram sik leh sa mil thlai a lo ni bawk nen a tha em em a ni.

A Hlawkna :

1 Acrea

A hnahro thar chuah

Kum 1

Kum 2

Kum 3

Kg 2700 @ Rs.150/Kg

Rs 405000

Expenditure

Rs 297350

Rs 67100

Net return/acre/year

A HLAWKNA

Rs 107650

Rs 337900

337000

HUAN I NEI VE EM

H.Lalthanpuia,

District Agricultural Officer,

Chhimtuipui District, Saiha.

A mihring siam hmasak berte Pathianin a chentirna chu HUAN a ni tih Bible-ah

kan hmu. Chu Eden huan chhungah chuan nitin Pathian nena inpawlin hlim takin an awm

thin. Amah nena hlim leh lungawi tak hmanna atan Pathian pawhin huan chhung hi mihring te

tan mal a sawmin, remchang a ti hle ni ngei tur a ni. A tunlai tawngin lo sawi ta ila; mahni

huan chhung ngeia bethel chu zawng chhang thlak tak a ni. Huan I nei ve em ?

Tunhma atang tawhin kan ramah huan siam an lo awm fo tawh thin a; hlawhtling tak tak

an awm laiin, eng ual a chan leh ta chuang lo pawh an tam. Tunlai hian huan siam kan uar chho

zel a, sawrkar lahin a ngai pawimawh a, sum leh pai lah a seng nasa. Thil intihhmuh chi tak pawh

a ni ngei mai. Mizorama huan te hi tihian han thliar hrang ta vel ila, i pawm theih zawng ni ve tak

maw?

1. Eichawp Huan : Hetiang huan hi huan pachhia, mi tam berten kan phak tawk, manhla

lem si lo an ni a, tha leh zung heh tak si, rah chhuah mumal si lo, a hminga neih ve tawk tawk ang

chi hi. A siamtute lah a tam ber chu mirethei, pachhe te, a tul anga enkawl leh duat thei lo kan ni

a; hahpui ang hu-a eng ruaia chan leh siloh huan hi kan ramah a tam hle. Kum khat lo (jhum) kan

neih thinte pawh hetiang huan zinga mi hi an ni mai a; rah hlawk zawk chhuah tura siam thei

turin sawrkar pawh mipuite tan kawng hrang hrangin a in-hawng hle na a, a neitupa leh sawrkar

rilru a la inhmufuh chiah lo deuh em ni ang-hun leh sum a ral tam ang huin kan la hlawhtling

chiam lo.

2. Nuamsa Huan : Mi hausa ten an neih sum senga an Siam, rilru leh ngaihtuahna aia sum

leh pai an sen tamna huan ang chi hi kan ramah hmuh tur a tam viau. Hetiang huan hi kawngpui

kam langsar leh ual au tak tak-ah hmuh tur an tam. A tantirh kum atangin Signboard mawi tak,

saptawng tel nial nual hmanga chei mawi an ni chawk a, kum hnih kum thum hnuah erawh chuan

hlui hlawn ang maiin an ram leh thin. A neitute phur thutna alo tla hniam a, a neitupa aiin a sum

lei paiin hma a hruai a, inhlep ruk chhawnna ram ni awm takin, thlai chinte aiin hnim leh a

enkawl tura mi rawihte an thang duang zawk a; chhungkaw nu ber hisapah a hlu lo tial tial a,

chhungkaw huan hlawhchham hian huan siam ve duh midangte a tizam a, an huatthla la viau a ni.

Huan hi Pathian nena len dunna tur hmun hlu a nih laia thil tha lo an lansarh zawk chuan a

zuihral leh ta mai pawh chu a mawh love.

3. Sum - Chang Huan: Hetiang huan zet hi chu a hlu a, a zahawm bawk. Pa tum ruh, a

thlaite tana rinawm, miten an nuihsan lai pawha thi leh thau pawlha tang fan fan mi chuan huan

hlawhlting an sual chhuak nge nge thin. A ngaisang lotuten an nghah puitlinpui hunah meuh

chuan, pa awhawm an lo niin, an thawhrah chu a tira nuihsan rilru tu te chuan an leisak leh nge

nge thin a, a hun laia tan lak nachang hre ve lote nen chuan titi a dang tawh thin. Hetiang huan hi

Mizoram hmun tam takah hmuh tur an awm. A awmna ram azirin an thlai chinte erawh an dang

ngei a, an sum hai luh erawh chu India-a Cheng vek tho an ni. Hortoki rama Hatkora huan ropui

tak tak te,Bilkhawthlir rama kuhva huan te leh Keitum daia Serthlum huan hmuhnawm tak mai

te saw atirah chuan a siamtute chu pa neinung an ni sa vek kher lo. Khawdang dangah pawh

huan hlawhtling, thlai chi hrang hrang atanga sum leh pai leichhuak fakawm tak tak an tam mai.

Kan huante hi ral chi hrang hrang — rannung leh hri hrai kangmei leh rukru chenin, a ti

hlawhchham theitu laka venhim that erawh a neitu mawhphurhna a ni thung. Kan ram pian

hmang, tlangpawng awih tlan te hi sik leh sa leh siamtu kutchhuak malsawmna tinrenga thuam

an nih lai hian, eng huan emaw tal siam ve ngei hi mitin rualawhna tur dik tak ni awm tak a ni.

Kan ram, Pathianin huan atana min pek reng ni awm takah hian tu chhuan daih khawp rotling

tur— HUAN i siam ve dawn lawm ni?

MAU TAM TAM DO

— Thanghuta,

M.Sc(Agri) (Entomology)

Mautam a lo hnai a. Kum AD 2005-2009 vel hi rin a ni a, a chhan chu, Kum 48 emaw

Kum 50 emaw dan a ni fo tih mi thil chhut miten an sawi a ni. Mau tam kum hian Mau rah ringin

sazu an pung a, buh a seh ngei a, an vir bik tlat.

Mi thenkhat ten Buh thar rang (Tai) a seh lo te an ti a, Mahse, rinthu mai a ni. A tak tak

erawhchu, 1940 khan ka ram tang ve tan a, hemi hma leh a kum hian Rawngal a rah a. Tawi tlang

leh Uilung tlang ah. Tin, Kaihzawl a rah nasa hle bawk a, kan khua, Chhawrtui ah Sanghal leh Sazu

a tam hle mai.

Tichuan, 1940 chuan kan khua chuan kan ram tha Pawmhmawk ram (a ram a that

avangin tun hma in, an it in, van sen loh thlawh sen loh lo ah an pawm vak thin an ti a) kan nei a.

Hlothlawh laiin Fanghma chu a rah hman nual, Vaimim no rawh tur kan kek hman nual bawk.

Sazu a lo tam ta a, Buh kung tal hi a leiseh chin atanga zungte béng velah a seh rék a, a laimu an ei

a. Tål lian apiangin an tuar nasa mai a. Hmanlai puithuna ang deuhin a eina mipui hmuh ah Tår

ila an zak a, 'an sim e,' te an ti a, buh kung a seh chu Kawtchhuah leh Pengthuamah te, miin an

puchhuak a, an dah nghek nghuk mai. Mahse, Sazu chu an zak lo, a ngai reng an ni. Sim teuh lo

mai.

Dik tak chuan Sazu hi khawvel lalin ropui rangkachak leh lungmantam In leh hnawm tam

ah pawh nuam ti tak a khawsa thei vek an ni.

Ka sawi tum erawhchu, Sazu seh hlauin lo neih kan thulh leh ngei dawn, thil chiang a ni.

Kei hian 'Hlau suh' ka ti ngam lo. Hlau rawh, fing rawh, tiin, kei kum sawm hlo thlawh hnu a

lehkha zir, thiam sang hian, ka unaute, rethei bak-berh a an awm loh nan, thurawn han thehdarh

ka duh ve a ni.

Sazu chu an lo puang leh ngei dawn a, mak tak mai erawhchu, Tam (many) na nå nå chu

hrivei an lo awm leh ngei dawn, an hrivei ber Chu, thin (liver) phar a ni. An kai chhawng a,

pawldelh leh thuangruah velah an rem duak fo. Chuti a nih loh pawhin 1947 November ni sarih

zan dar 8 velah kan khua Chhawrtui Buh rialin nasa takin a deng a, thlawhlai ah buh a til tla var

tuar mai a. March-April ah Sazu a puang nasa a, mahse, ruahthimpui hnu lamah chuan an

tlem/thi/pül leh vek a ni.

Sazu ei duh loh sum hnar thlai Ching turin loneitu zawng zawng ka chah duh a:-

1. Sawhthing: Zutåm leh zuhreiin tlem tlem an ei. A dangin an ei lo a ni ang, ching uar theuh

ila. Sawhthing hi duh hun hunah a chi hmuh a harsa a, tichuan, Mizopa tihdan dik takin

kumin atangin mitinin, paihper hmun vel emaw, Kg 2 emaw ching theuh ila, chu chu

mahniin ching pung zel ila, kum thum hnuah chuan, kan lo puma chin tur kan nei mai ang.

A chi tur chu a kung thih veleh chawh vat a, dah vang vang tur a ni.

Sawhthing chi hi Antam chi ang vela daihzai ani lo. Sawrkarin sem dawn mahse

hmanhmawha sem zung zung chi a ni lo. Sawhthing lei lo Sawrkar an awm lo.

2. Vaihlo: Vaihlo chin a tha. Hei hi Sawrkarin rannung thahna hlo a siam dan zawng sela.

Meizuk erawhchu uar lo ila, keipawh ka pa Ai üta(L) Chhawrtui vaihlo ching chhuaktu a ni.

Mahse mei ka zu lo e.

3. Thildang, uar tlak a kan hriat dang te chin tum theuh ni bawk se.

Thudang: Thurawn: Mau tam hian nghawng a ngah mai - thil pakhat chauh han sawi ila:

Mau a tam chuan, Bui in tam an tawk ve ziah a, mau ro bul (zung) an ei duh vak lo a,

luangah an tuan a, luangin bul an ngah vak loh avangin, Rua in an tuar thin. Phulrua hi,

mau rualin a tåm a. Chal nen, Rawchhia, Rawngal, Raw tam lo dang te hi an khei zui nasa

fo. Tichuan, mautam zawh a kan Sawrkarin Bamboo Plantation ven ngun a fin thlak ang.

Bui hi an nungchang a dang a, an kua chu Buizål kua an ti. Bui kaw laih dan ka thiam a nia.

MIZORAM-AH MAUTAM A IN TAN TA!!

James Lalsiamliana

Asst. Phant Protection Officer

Dte;of Agriculture

Aizawl' Mizoram

Kum 40 hma lama thil thleng Mautam chu Mizoramah a rawn in tan ta mup mup mai le.

Mizoram khawthlang lam a Mamit leh Kawrthah tlangdung inkar a Teirei lui leh Mamit Chilui

atanga intan in Suangkuang mual hrut thla in Sakhi-eksuk-tlang thleng in, ram hactare 500 bawr

vela Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) te chu an tam ta thup mai le. Helai mual dungah hian kumin

(2005) kumtir lam atanga intan khan mau chu an par a, chutah May thla a rawn thlen meuh

chuan an rah te chu an rawn tla zo ti tih a, beng mau par leh a bawmtu pangang te chu tlan in,

Ramar pawh hemi hmunah hian an pung nasa ngiang mai. Tin, Mamit ramchhungah vek hian

Phulrua (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) pawh a hung hung in par an chhuah a, an tam bawk a. Hei

mai bakah hian, Mautam dawn apianga lo thleng thin Thangnang pawh, Mamit leh N.Sabual khaw

inkarah, kumin vek, May thla tir lamah khan an rawn kai tawh bawk a ni.

Mautam kumbi hi chiang fak a sawi a har a. Hei hi a chhan chu mau kung upat lam hi

hmun hrang hrangah a danglam thei a. Tin, a ram Sik leh sa pawhin thui tak chu a hril tel ve bawk

ang a. Hei vang hian Mizoram chhungah rau rau pawh khawchhak lam leh khawthlang lama

Mautam hun hi a in ang lo thin a. Mizorama anawlpui a Mautam hun tur a beisei, kum 2007 hma

in, Mamit bialah chuan, kuminah Mautam hi a lo intan ta der mai a ni.

Mizorama Mautam lo thleng tur hi a sehsam intanna chu kum2001 atang khan a nitawh

a. Khami kum khan Hortoki khaw chhehvel a hmun 3 laiah mautak hi an lo rah tawh a. Heng a a

rah hi kangvar thlawhhma maubul fep a rah ang hi nilo in, a kung atanga rah anni. Kum 2002-ah

khan Mizoram hmun 33 velah hetianga a rahna hi chhinchhiah leh ani bawk a. Tichuan, kum tin,

a rahna hmun hi a pung chho zel a, kum 2004 atang phei kha chuan mautak awmna hmunah

tawh phawt chuan, a kahpah/a chuklak in a rah hi hmuh tur in a awm tawh ani.

Mau hi grass an tih zinga a lian ber anni a. Grass hian heng- buh te, vaimim te,

hmunphiah te leh luang te pawh hi a huam a. Tin, Mau hi tree grass ti a koh deuh bik anni. 'Mau hi

khawvel pumah hian chi hrang 1 ,250 Chuang awm in, India ram chhungah hian chi hrang 130

vel awm a hriat a ni a, tin, Mizoram bikah hian chi hrang 26 vel a awm a hriat a ni. Mau hi hnim

hring dangte ang bawk in par (flowering) hun bi an nei a,mahse mau chi hrang hrang te hi an par

hun a in ang lo leh thluah a. Kum 1 te, 2 te, 11 te, 30 te, 48 te, 60 te leh 120 danah te an par thin.

Mautak hi kum 48 dan a par in, an tam thin a ni. Tin, mau chi hrang hrang zingah Mautak hi India

hmarchhakah hian hmuh tur a tam bik a, chutah Mizoram hian kan ngah leh ber a, hei vang hian

Mautam pawh hi Mizoramah a na ber thin a ni.

Kan han sawi tak ang khan, kumin May thla tir lam khan, Mamit khaw hmar lam,

kilometer 6 vela hla N.Sabual khaw hmunhlui tlangah Thangnang hi an rawn kai ta a. An rawn kai

hun hi tlai ni tlak rual velah niin, an tam tham em avangin an thlawk ri pawh a ri hum hum tham

a. Thingkung hniam te te ah te leh perhteah te an fu ta vak mai a. Tin, hetia an rawn kaina tlang

bawrah hian, meter 40 bial vel lek chhungah an awm khawm a. Thing hnah hring chi tin rengah

an fu mai a, thingkung belh bik pawh an nei chuang lo. Hmun thenkhatah te phei chuan mau

hnahah te pawh an fu ani. Tin, hetia Thangnang an rawn kaina hmun hi, kum 1959 Mautam thlen

dawn kum a an rawn kaina hmun ngai kha a ni .

Mamit leh N.Sabual khua ami te hian tumhmaa kan pi leh pu te pawhin an lo tih tawh

thin ang in, heng Thangnang te hi an khawng ta a, a tir lamah chuan Tel tin 3 khat lai te pawh tum

khatah an khawng thei ani.

Hetia Thangnang an khawn hi tui lum in an leih hlum a, chu chu sum a deng sawm in,

thosilen puan hmang te in an sawTfu leh a, hetia a tui an sawr hi mei-ah an chhuang kang a, hemi

hriak an teng-khang hi chaw a chawm atan te hmangin an ei thin ani. Mamit leh N.Sabual hmunah

te chuan hetia an sava chhuah hriak hi pava khatah Rs 20/- in an hralhchhuak thin.

Thangnang te hi thla khat chuang hemi hmunah hian an lo cham tawh avangin leh khawn

than annih avang hian, June thla chawhnu lamah chuan an ti tawh a, a tira an awmna tlang chhip

atang hian, a thlang lam ruam an pan thla hret hret zel a, thingkung ler sang lamah an in suan zel

bawk a. ni. Thangnang te hi rannung chi khat, insects an tih te zing ami anni a. Tin, a zirmi te

chuan Hemiptera an tih te zingah dah in, bugs (thlangdar) an tih te zinga mi anni. Buh vui dawttu

thlangdar-zen, kawng fek rat mai, Nangsi kan tih te leh, ser rah dawttu — ser thlangdar te

bakah, Tiau-hmi kan tih te nen hian, a zirmi te chuan chi khat hnuaiah an dah a. Hmui zum tak,

thil tuihnang dawtna tur an nei a, an hmui zum tak hmanga thil tuihnang an dawt loh lai chuan an

hmui hi an awmah a in thlawp zar thin. Amaherawhchu, Thangnang te hian thlai an tihchhiat

hriat a la ni rih lo a ni.

Mamit bial chhung hmun pakhatah mau chu a tam tan ta chu a ni a, amaherawhchu, thil

chhinchhiah tur zing a pawimawh tak mai pakhat Chu, hetia mau a tamna hmunah hian, hriat

phak bak leh hmuh phak bakah an lo khawsa te a nih loh chuan, sazu, maurah tlan a khawsa

hmuh tur an la awm lo a ni.

MIZORAM LONEITUTE MAMAWH

C.Lalnithanga,

Assistant Soil Survey Officer;

Directorate of Agriculture,Aizawl.

Mizoramah hian loneitu tam ber chu thingtlang lo nei mi an ni a, a tlem zawk hi leilet nei

an ni. Leilet nei thenkhat chuan an leilet chu an hmang tangkai lemlo a, leilet nei ve si thlai ching

lemlo pawh tam tak an awn a ni. Hmun thenkhatah chuan huan-lo ram zau tak nei duai sia eng

atan mah hmang lo pawh an awm bawk. Mizoram hmun hrang hranga kan hotute hnung zuia kan

kal naah hian loneitu mi chi hrang hrang kan kawmin an harsatna te an sawi thin a. Chung

loneitute chuan tun laia mi tamtakin an zawn huai huai "Tangka/pawisa" hi an mamawh ber a

nih thu an sawi ngai lo. Pa taima ho chuan kan inkawmnaah chuan "Tangka tamtawk nei ila chu

tun ai hian hma ka la zau deuh tur" tiin an sawi ngai lo. Pa taima hovin an mamawh an sawi tam

ber chu heng te hi a ni :

1. Kawng tha: Hei hi feh kawng fai tak leh zal nuam tak a ni ngawt lo. Loneituten "Kawngtha"

tia an sawi thin chu an thlai thar motor-a phurhna leh thiar vel nana afur athala motor kal

theihna kawng tha hi ani. Tam tak chuan kawng tha chu motor lian (truck) kaltheihna an duh

laiin a then chuan 407 Tluck tal kal theihna ni se an ti ani. Tun hma chuan loneitute kawng duh hi

"Agriculture Link Road" an ti thin a, tunlai chuan a kawh leh a tangkaina danglam chuang silovin

hming dang an vuah leh tawh a, chu chu "Potential Area Connectivity" an ti thung a ni. Loneitute

mamawh kawng tha hian Leilet tin zawn kawng hi a ni ngawt lova, a huhova huan nghet an

siamna rau(area) chhuntu kawng tha hi a ni .Mizoram hmun tamtakah Motor kawngpui (khaw

hrang hrang chhuntu kawngpui) kam hi mihausa ho ram a ni tawh a, a neituten an ram an

cheibawl si lova chuvangin mi tam tak tan thlai thar thiar vel awlsamna hmun chu an ta anih loh

avangin huan lo ram atan an cheibawl thei silo a ni. Hei vang hian khawtinah loneituten leilet,

huan nghet, leh dry terrace ahohuva an siam duhna hmun chu kawngpui tha hian chhun/pawh

zel thei se loneitute tan a samkhai thlak lehzual ngei ang. Loneitute thar buh, thlai leh thei hi

chhip ngawta phurh ralah chuan phurh tam a harin a hautak hle a ni. Chu mai bakah buh leh thlai

chin dawn apiangin Agricultute Department-a mithiam te sawi fo thin bawngek te, fertilizer te,

neem cake te, chinai thi(slaked lime) leh thlai chi te thiar nan leh phurh nan kawngpui tha hi a

pawimawh em em a ni. Thlasik laia alu(potato) chin dawn phei chuan a chi tur ringawt pawh

chhip/koa phur tur chuan chin tam peih a harsa em em a ni. Leilet nei tan pawh mihring tha aia

Chak zawk "Khawl tha" ruaia Tractor leh Power Tiller han chhawr tak tak tur pawhin leilet panna

kawng tha ber a awm loh chuan heng khawl tha tak tak leh chak tak tak, chhawrnahawm tak te hi

a hman tangkai theih loh a ni ber mai. A nei zo tan pawh kawngtha a awm loh chuan "Mechanised

farming" hi a tih tak tak theih meuh loh a ni. Loneitute tana kawngtha apawimawh zia hi sawi

thiam har tak a ni zawk. Duhthu han sam ta ila, Mizorama khaw hrang hrang a loneitute beisei

leh an duh dan ang tak hian leilet leh huan lo ram chhuntu kawngtha hi han thlur sung mai se chu

buh leh bal, thlai leh thei tharchhuah hi a tam tham hle in a rinawm. Buh leh thlai Ching tura

infuih reng pawh hi a ngai tawhlo hial ang. Pa taima tan chuan kawngtha hian an hma lak danah

awmzia a nei ngei bawk ang. Loneitute tan a kavvngpui tha siam tur hian sawrkar puihna tello

chuan hmalak ngaihna a vang khawp mai. Hei hi sawrkar kut thlakna tur pawimawh tak a ni.

2. Buh leh thlai chin theiha leilet leh huan siam(Land development): Buh leh thlai chin

theiha leilet han siam tui(developed) chu bawngtuthlawh nen ngawt chuan a harsa khawp mai.

Chutiang bawk chuan tlangram ram rem leh mual rem deuh dry terrace(bench terrace/contour

terrace) han laih chu a hautak khawp mai. Tin khat hmun chauh pawh lai tur chuan tha a ngai

tamin chak pawh a ngai khawp mai. Pa mal tan phei chuan a hautak lehzual a ni, Mizoram hi a

siamtuin a lo duan dan ang ang a hman tangkai tum hi a fin thlak ber a, chuvang chuan tlang leh

tlang inkar, lui luanna bul ringawt hi buh leh thlai china tur ram awmchhun (potential area) ah

ngaih bik tur a ni lo. Mizoram pumah hian 5000 hectares vel hi leileta siam theih ram a awmin an

chhut a ni. Heti zat ram hi leilet atan siam tui vek thei ila a duhawm hle. Amaherawchu Mizorama

loneitu tamzawk hi a hma lama kan sawi ang khan leilet nei ve lo an ni a, heng ho hian

tlangramah lo leh huan siamin ei an zawng a ni. Loneitute tana tanpuina awm thei pawh hi leilet

nei ho ang thovin tlang rama huan leh lo neitute hi pek ve thin ni se a duhawm hle. A bik takin

leilet neitute hi chu Mizoram Union Territory a hlan kai anih atang khan vawiin thlengin

tanpuina hi an la hmu reng zawk a ni. Chuvangin Potential area kan ngaih dan hi thlak a hun tawh

hle a, leilet atana siam théih ram chauh nilovin tlangram hmun rem, huan nghet leh bench

terrace-a siam theih lai ram apiang hi Potential area a ni tih pawm tur a ni. Land development

atana sum leh pai awm thei apiang hi leilet neitute tan chauh nilovin tlangram huan nghet leh

bench terrace siamtute tanpui nan leh an tam siam sak nan pek ve thin ni tawh se loneitu tam

zawk hian an tangkaipui ngei ang.

Mizoram tlang pian hmang hi kan pi leh pu te hun lai atang khan awmze neiin an lo

hmang tangkai tawh a. Phaizawl(vairam) a awm ve lo hi tlang pakhat chauh pawh hian hming

pathum/pali lai a lo nei a, chung te chu: dam, nikang, chhuahchhawng leh tlakdeng te a ni. Tlang

lian tak pakhat hi a hualchhuak papin lo leh huan siam nana hmun rem ni ta se, kha tlang pumpui

zauzawng (total area) kha teh thlap chuan rin aiin a zau daih ang. Hetiang zela kan hisap duh

chuan huan leh lo neih theihna hmun rem hi Mizoram len zawng (geographical area) aia zau mah

hi a awm thei dawn a ni. Heng ram rem hi a theih anga zau hmang tangkai tur chuan loneitute tha

ringawt chuan a tlin rihlo mai thei, chuvang chuan bench terrace siam nan a loneitute tanpui hi

sawrkar tihtur pawimawh tak pakhat chu a ni.

3.Tui lak leh ruahtui dawn khawl: Mizoram pumah hian leilet chawm tura siam Minor

irrigation Project siam zawh tawh hi tam tak a awm tawh a ni. Hmun thenkhatah chuan tui tha

taka a luan zur zur lai pawhin leilet neituten an tangkaipui Chuang lo. An leilet kha buh leh thlai

chin nan an hmang chuang lo a ni. Hei vang hian Tui kawng tha tak leh man tamtak hi siam teuh

ni tawh mahse a chhawr bawk tu tur ten an chhawr peih chuan si loh chuan siam belh zel hi a fuh

ber em? tih hi ngaihtuah ngai tak a ni. A hma lama kan sawi tawh ang khan Minor Irrigation

Project an siam chhan loneitute hi Mizoram puma loneitute zinga a tlem zawk, 20% emaw chauh

an ni. Hei vang hian loneitu tam zawk, 80% te tan hian tui lakna tur siamna emaw, ruahtui

senghawina leh a dawnkhawlna tur emaw siamna tur Project awmze nei hi ruahman a hun tawh

hle. Tlangrama huan leh lo neitute tan hian Minor Irrigation Project an siam zawh tawh zozai

hian awmzia a nei ve lo a ni.

Tlangram a huan nghet leh bench terrace Siam na tur hian a huhoa zau khat bawh mai hi

a rem lohna chen a awm a, motor kawngpui hnaih, khua atanga hla lutuk lo ah hian aduh apiang

te tan huannghet tur ram a awm vek lo a ni. Hei vang hian a bing deuh a huan nghet nei hi tam

tak an awm a ni. Heng ho tan hian polythene pipe hmanga tui lak hi a remchang ber a ni. Tui lak

sak bakah a dahkhawlna tur tuizem lian(water storage tank) Siam sak bawk ni se. A chhan chu

Mizorama Minor Irrigation Project tam ber pawh hi fur lai lo chuan tui a luang tam tak tak

chuang lo a ni. Hei vang hian thlasik thlai leh thal thlai chin na atan fur ruahtui kha dawn khawl a

chhek khawl a ngai a ni. Hemi atan hian tuizem lian hi loneitute hian siam saktheih ni se a

duhawm hle. Eng thlai pawh hian a chi thlak atangaa thar/a rah seng hun chhung hian tui

mamawh zual lai bik hun(critical period) a nei vek a,hemi hun taka tui pek tur a awm chuan thlai

a thartheih a ni.Hemi atan hian vaua kawrte tui-lak leh ruahtui dawn khawl a chhek khawl hi

loneitute hian an mamawh em em a ni. Hei pawh hi sawrkar kut thlakna tur kawng khat chu a ni.

Mizorama kumkhat chhunga ruah sur hi a tam em em a, a vaia vai ram lama luang ral lo hian han

senghawi vek thei ila chu in lam leh ram lamah hniang hnarin tui kan nei mai dawn a lo ni. Hemi

ti tur hian Israel pa emaw Japan pa emaw kut kuangkuah chung in kan lo nghak mai dawn em ni ?

4. Thlai chi, fertilizers, agro-chemicals, leh hmanrua (tools & implements) zawrhna dawr :

Mizorama loneitute vanneihna ber pakhat chu buh leh thlai chi chi hrang hrang te hi vawiin

thlengin a thlawnin an la dawng teuh teuh mai hi ani. Hmun thenkhat ah phei chuan loneitute

chin sen loh hial khawpa tam pawh a awm chang a awm thin a ni. Khaw thenkhatah phei chuan a

chi tur a lak ni si ei riral tak te pawh a awm a ni. Hetianga a thlawna thlai chi dawn reng hi a theih

loh hun a awm thuai dawn a ni, Fertiliser phei chu kum 2000 atang khan Agriculture de-

partment hian a leiin a zuar ngai tawh lova, phalna neia zuar theite hnenah chauh lei tur a awm

tawh. Hetiang bawk hian thlai chi(seeds) pawh hi mimal phalna neia zuar theite hnenah chauh lei

theih a la ni thuai dawn ani. Hemi atan hian Mizorama District khawpui pariat-ah hian phalna

neia thlai chi, fertilizers, agrochemicals leh hmanrua (tools & implements) zawrhna dawr hi

pakhat theuh tal awm se loneituten an tangkai pui ngei ang. Thlaichi emaw rannung thahnahlo

(insecticides) emaw lam tur a Aizawl pan zel ngai lo hian District khawpui tina hetiang chi

zawrhna dawrah hian an lei mai dawn a ni. Thlai eichhe chi rannung leh thlai natna a lo hluar

chang phei chuan rang taka a tihrem dan leh a natna tihdam dan ngaihtuah te a lo ngai a, hetiang

hunah hian awlsam zawka an mamawh lamna tur hi loneituten an mamawh em em a ni. Hemi

atan hian sawrkar hian thlaichi te ,agro-chemicals te leh hmanrua zawrh hi mimal kutah hlan vek

thei se loneituten an tangkaipui ngei ang. Loneitute pawhin a man nei ngeia an leia chu an

hlutsakin an ching ngei ang tih a rinawm tlat a ni. A thlawna thil beiseina rilru pawh a lo bo tial

tial anga, pa taima tak tak leh thatchhe pa chu an hriat hran tawlh tawlh mai dawn a ni.

5. Sum chang thlai hralhna: Sum Chang thlai han tih hian thlai eng pawh a huam thei ang chu.

Amaherawhchu Mizoram pawna thlai hralh tur, vai ho te duh zawng ni si hi a tam lo hle. Vawiin

thleng a Mizoram pawna thlai hralh kal ber ber te chu heng te hi a ni:- Serthlum, Vaihmarchate,

Kuhva, Sawhthing leh Iskut te hi a ni. Heng thlai zinga Iskut tihloh hi chu a lei duhtu ten a ching

tute an rawn pan a, an inbiakremna angin an hralh a ni ber. Mi thenkhat chuan sawhthing hi vai

ramah an zu hralh bawk. lskut chingtu te hian Co-operative Society mumal tak an nei a, an

Society hian a hralh dan pawh an buaipui bawk a, heivang hian Iskut Ching tute hian a hralh

danah midang buaipui an ngai tehchiam rih lo niin alanga, an fakawm hle. Hetiang bawk hian thei

leh thlai dang ching tute hian Co-operative Society mumal deuh hi din ve sela, an thlai thar

hralhna chungchangah an buai lo deuhin a rinawm. Thlai thar hralh chung changah hian

loneituten sawrkar hi inghah nan hmang lo se a tha zawkin a rinawm. Nitina chawhmeh atana

kan mamawh chi hi chu Mizorama khawpui lian deuh deuhah hian a hralh theih rih viau.

Mizoram pawna hralh chi thlai chu vai ho duh zawng a ni ngei tur a ni. A nih loh chuan hralh

tumin awmzia a nei chuang lo a ni.

MEDICINAL VALUES OF TEA

(Thingpui damdawi atana a thatnate)

Dr.Lalmuanzovi

Asst.Project Director

MIPEA

Thingpui han hian Mizo chuan, kan hre mai awm e. Khawvel pumah intur dang zawng

zawng aiin in a hlawh bik a. Thingpui-ah hian Chi hnih 'Black Tea' leh 'Green Tea' a awm a. 'Black

Tea' kan han tih hi tun a kan in thin ang hi a ni. Black Tea' siam tur hian a hnah chu an pho uai

phawt a, chumi zawh ah chuan uluk takin thingpui Siamnå knawlah an barh a, tichuan tun a kan

in lar ber ang hian a lo chhuak thin a ni. 'Green Tea' erawh hi a hnah hrin laiin in theihtur a

buatsaih nghal a ni thin. A hnah hring Chu pho vuai ve lovin an deng sawm nghal a; tichuan an

sawngbawl chhunzawm thin a ni.

Damdawi tan thingpui hmannate kan sawi hmain a lo to chhuah dan tlem i'n han sawi

hmasa lawk teh ang. Sawidan ah chuan kum 5,000 kaltaah khan Chinese Lal pakhat chuan

pawnah tui a chhuang a, a tui chhuanah chuan thingpui hnah tlem a lo tla palh a; a'n in chu tui a ti

ta riau a, tichuan chuta tang chuan thingpui hi in a tan a lo lar chho ta niin sawi a ni. Hei lo pawh

hi sawi tam tak a awm a, a eng a pawh chu nise tun thleng hian thingpui Chu kan induhsakna

lantirnan kan la hmang ta reng a. Mithiamte'n an zir chian belh zel bawk a ni. Kum zabi 17-na

hun lai vel Tang Dynasty hun lai vel khan thingpui in chu urhsun takin chhampual chungin an in

thin a ni.

Thingpui hi India ram hmun hrang hrang ah chin a ni a, West Bengal-ah te, Assam-ah te,

Nilgiri Hills bawr velah te chin ani a, India ram hi khawvel a thingpui chin uarna leh in hnem na

hmun pakhat a ni ve a.

Thingpui thatna hrang hrang kan sawi hma in a thatna te kan sawi lai a; term kan hman

tur thenkhat i han sawi fiah hmasa phawt teh ang.

Oxygen Free Radicals : Free Radicals hi Oxygen thatna nen a tehkhin chuan natna a thlentheih hi

a sang hle a, kan taksa a Oxygen awmte hman zawh a lo nih hnu hian a fe chu timur (Cell) hrang

hrangah a lo intai darh a, molecules-te ati chhiain timur nasa takina ti chhe thei a ni. Chung chuan

natna hrang hrang a thlenin kum upat hma na te pawh a thlen a ni. Heng Oxygen te hi Oxygen

free fadicals ti a koh a ni.

Polyphenols: Thlai hrang hrangte hian chemical chi khat polyphenols an pai a, heng phyto

chemical te hi antioxidant tha tak an ni. Thingpui pawh in polyphenol hi a pai a ni.

Antioxidants: Antioxidants hi 'Freeradical scavengers' tiin an ko bawk. Chu chu free radicals

phiat fai tu a tih theih awm e. Thlaiah hian antioxidants hi ang hrang a awm a, thingpuiah chuan

polyphenols te hi a ni.

Tunah chuan thingpui thatna hrang hrang i lo sawi teh ang. Tunlai research hrang hrang

neih a, thingpui thatnate an han zir chian hman lai ngaihdan a ti chiang ve chauh ni te hian a

hriat. Thingpui hian chemical hrang hrang carotene. riboflovin leh nicotinic te a pai a,

pantothenic leh ascorbic acid te, malic leh oxalic acid te, theophylline, theobromine, xanthine,

hypoxanthine, adenine, gum, dextrine leh inostol-te a pai a ni.

Tin, caffeine, polyphenol leh essential oil te a pai a. Intur tamtak hi calorie a pai tam hle a,

amaherawhchu khawlum lai a kan taksa a tuihnang siam turin in a ngai thin si a ni. Thingpuiah

hian calorie a tlem a, tuihal a tireh duh hle bawk a ni. Iced tea no khat ah calories 3 a awm laiin,

cola no khatah chuan calories 70 a pai thung a ni. Thingpui hian calorie a pai tlem chauh ni lovin

taksa hrisel na atan a pawimawh em em mineral manganese, zinc, potassium leh magnasium te a

pai bawk a ni.

Thingpui hian lung phu chawl a thihna lakah te a veng thei a, tin, lung lam tha lo tan a tha

bawk. Thingpui hian chemical antioxidants chi khat flavonoids a pai a, hei hian taksa a oxygen

free radical ati hniam thei a ni. Thingpui ni khat a No 4 in thin te hi 45% in heart attack lakah an

him zawk ni a hriat a ni.

Thingpui in hian cancer a tikiam thei tih thu hian mitin beng a verh a. National Cancer

Institute, USA in Journal a research a an- hmuh chhuah an ziah naah chuan thingpui leh cancer hi

inzawmna nei ngei in an hria a, zirchian zel turin an dah a ni.

Tunah chuan thingpui a chemical awm antioxidants leh caffeine-te hi i han thlurbing teh

ang:

Polyphenols: Thingpuiah hian thlai hring dang ang bawk in polyphenols, antioxidant tha tak mai

a awm a, he polyphenol hi 'tannin' ti a hriat thin a ni a. Tin, a structure a in an avangin 'tannic

acids' tiin hriat a ni thin bawk. Hei avang hian thingpui in hi taksa tan a hlauhawm tur a rin

tlangpui a ni thin bawk. Amaherawhchu, thingpui a polyphenol hi catechins a ni a; cholesterol ti

hniamtu atan te, anti-hyperglysemic atan te, thau tikiamtu atan te, thil huat te a tihreh theih

bakah cancer lakah taksa a veng thei ani. Tin, hriselna atan a tha hrim hrim bawk a ni. Tichuan,

thingpui chuan tannin a pai lova, catechin polyphenol taksa hrisel na atan a tangkai tak a pai

zawk ani.

Caffeine: Thingpui hian caffeine tih tham vak a pai lova, a pai chhun chu central nervous system

leh thawkna dawt ti Chak tu (Stimulant) a tan a tha hle. Tin chauh them thum na a chhawk bawk.

Mi a tiharhin a tithothang tha a, chaw pai tawih a ti awlsam bawk a ni. Caffeine tam lutuk hian

that lohna a nei a, amaherawhcu thingpuiah hian coffee a Caffeine awm zat chanve vel lek a awm

a, research in a hmuh dan chuan thingpui a caffeine hi Chu polyphenols avangin a hlauhäwm ve

lo a ni.

Hei bakah hian a hma a sawi tawh ang khan antioxidants-te hian Oxygen free radical a

tihkiam a, hei hian kum upat na a timuang thei a, tin taksa a natna hrang hrang cancer, lungnatna

leh zunthlumna lakah taksa a veng thei a ni. Free radicals te hian DNA a hliam thei a, chu chuan

DNA mutation a thlen tir a, cancer hial a thlen thei a ni. Free radical a tihkiam theihna hian cancer

a lo veng thei a ni. Tin, thingpui hian min tiharhin mutchhuak lutuk tur a veng bawk. Cardinal

Mizarin (1602-1661) chuan a 'gout' (ruhchuktuah na) damdawi a tan a hmang a ni.

Taksa a natna tlanglawn atan a a thama te i han sawi leh teh ang.

1) Kang: Thingpui hi kang atan a tha hle a, a ser nasa tur te a veng a ni, tin, a vawngdai em em

bawk ani. A hnah hring tui sawr hnawih a, a sawrna fe chu a kang lai ah chuan bel bawk a tha. A

hnah hring chu chhum a, achhumna tui hang chu a kang lai sil nan a a tha bawk.

2) Hlumna: Thingpui sen tak ngak a luma, chini thlumtak a in in hlumna achhawk thei ani.

3) Santen: Thingpui santen atana tha hle bawk. Thingpui sen tak deuh, kha fak khawp a sen,

artui heng khatleh artui hel chhungmu chawhpawlh a vawikhat a in zawh nghal a tha. Santen

benvawn tan pawh hei hi a thau Artui a awm remchang kher lob pawhin a thingpui hlang mai

pawh in a tha hle.

Hemi bakah hian a tir lam a kan sawi tak 'Green Tea’ chungchang tlem i han belh leh teh

ang. Archeologist te’n an thil laih chhuah a an hmuh dan chuan thingpui hi kum 500,000 lai kal

tawh khan mihring hian an lo ei/in tawh thin a, tunah chuan mi maktaduai chuang fe in thingpui

chi khat 'Green tea’ hi an in tawh a; ‘Green tea' hian that na tam tak a nei a. Thingpui hi kan in

pangngai ang ah hi chuan sawi tawh angin thingpui hnah te hi an pho uai phawt a, tin an ferment

(umtawih) thin bawk a ni. Green tea erawh chu ferment a ni ve lo a ni. Thingpui chu ferment a

nih nasat poh leh caffeine a pung tulh tulh a, polyphenols a kiam telh telh thin a ni. hemi avang

hian thingpui taksa tan a thatna a lo kiam thin. Green tea erawh hi chu ferment miah lova

sawngbawl a ni. Green tea hian antioxidant 'Polypheonol' tam tham tak a pai a, 'Black tea’ hian

Green tea aiin a let hnih let thumin caffeine a pai tam bawk a ni. Green tea bik hian polythenol

(Catechin) chi ruk a pai a, chungte chu catechin, gallaogatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin,

epicatechin gallate, leh apigallocatechin gallate (EGCG ti pawhin hriat a ni bawk). EGCG hi

thingpui a poyphenol chak ber a ni a. Green tea hian alkaloids-caffeine, theobromine,

theophylline-te a pai bawk a. Heng alkaloids hian green tea ah stimulant effect a pe a ni. Hetia

'Green tea’ kan sawi mek lai hian 'Black tea’ hi a chhe ta bik e tihna erawh a ni lo, green tea hian

thatna a pai tam laiin 'black tea' hian a pai tlem deuh zawk e tihna mai a ni. Green tea hian 30% -

40% polyphenols a pai laiin black tea chuan 3%- 4% vel chauh a pai thung.

'Tichuan, green tea chu doctor te'n an han zir chiang a, green tea hian rihna a ti tla hniam

thei a, sawi tawh angin lungphu chawl a thih thutna a tikiam a, cancer a veng bawk a ni. Tin,

Green tea hian hmeichhia i nih chuan naupai turin a pui thei bawk che ni a hriat a ni. Green tea

thatna te hi a polyphenols, antioxidant tha tak paiah hian a innghat nasa hle a. Polyphenols Green

tea a hmuhte hian Vitamin 'C' aiin antioxidant a pai chak zawk a ni. Tin, Green tea a polypheonols

hian tlem in thingpui chu a tikha deuh bawk a ni. Heng polyphenol te hian anti-cancer leh anti-

heart disease property an nei bawk a.

Hemi chungchang zirchianna hi a la chian vak theih loh bakah thutawp a la siam theih

loh a ni. Amaherawhchu, hemi natna hlauhawm tak pahnih te hi a veng thei a ni tih hi a chiang

tulh tulh a ni. Tunhma chuan hmeichhia nau pai thei lote hi caffeine pai chi in/ei tam lo turin

rawn an ni thin a. Amaherawhchu, tunhnai mai a research a zirchianna ah chuan heng

stimulating drinks ho, a bikin Green tea-te hian naupai theihna a tipung mai thei a ni. Oakland a

Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Programme of Northern California ah chuan researcher-te'n an

zirnaah chuan hmeichhia green tea caffeine tel no chanve nitin in thin te chu an naupai theihna

hmun hnih laiin a pung niin an hmu a, caffeine telna intur dang an inin a danglam chuang lo a ni,

hei hi green tea a chemical dang (caffeine tiam lovin) hnathawh a ni thei ani. Hemi hian hmanlai

ngaihdan, caffeine hian naupai theih lohna a thlen tih hi a kalh avangin, green tea in in a ken tel

thin meizuk tlem te, thau te tlemte leh exercise regular tak a lakte a ken tel vang ni a hriat a ni.

Hemi Green Tea thatna tamtak kan sawi tak avang hian thingpui dang chu a tha love kan

tih vang ani lova, thingpui hrim hrim hi kan taksa hriselna atan a tha em em ani.

PAN HNAH (BETELVINE)

Daniela,

Agril.Extension Officer (Hqrse)

A izawl District.

Family - Piperaceae

Botanical name - Piper betle Linn.

Zoramah hian Panhnah chinga eizawng mek te, chin tuma hma la mekte leh ngaihtuahna

hmang mekte kan loneitute zingah an awm tih ka hria a. Zofaten Kuhva kan ei nasat zia leh phai

atanga panhnah kan chawk luh tam ziate ngaihtuahin, Panhnah chin hi eizawnna tling a ni tih a

chiang reng mai a. Chutih laiin a chin dan inkawhhmuhna lam hi ziakin chhiar tur kan nei meuh

lo niin a lang.

Mizoram changlo, India ram ang pawhin Panhnah Chungchang leh a chindan tha ber ber

te hriat tuma tih tak taka zirna hian ngaihthah a hlawh rei hle. ICAR in Kum 1981 ah 'Co-

ordinated Research Project on Betelvine Diseases' tih project hming chawiin bul a rawn tan

chauh a ni. Chu project hnuaiah chuan an natna ngawr ngawr zir lovin, a thar hlawk dan tur te, a

chindan tha zawkte chenin zir chian a hlawh ta chauh a ni. Chuvangin kan huan/loneituten an

tangkaipui theih beiseiin inthlahrung ang reng takin ka han ziak a ni. Ka inthlahrun na chhan chu

panhnah chanchin leh a chin dan te ziak tur hian 'expert' ka ni Iowa. Kan training laia kan Arte,

State hrang hrang leh Zoram chhunga pan hnah chinna hmun ka hmuh/tlawh tawhte atanga

experience tlemte ka neih te leh mithiam (expert) te thuziak ka chhiar te atangin, kan mithiam

leh zir sang zawkte cho chhuah nan ni pah fawmin ka han ziak ve chauh a ni.

1. A lo chhuahna leh a behbawm dangte : Panhnah Ching chhuäktu ram chu Malaysia nia

hriat a ni. Khäwvela Ching uar ramte chu India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Burma, Phillipines leh

Papua New Guinea te an ni. Hma khawsang atangin India ramah hian chin a ni tawh a. Engtik

hunlai tak khan nge an lo chin tan tawh hriat fuh erawh a harsa hle. Ziaka kan hmuh theih chinah

chuan AD 473 ah te pawh khan an lo ching tawh tih kan hre thei a. Hemi hmalam daih tawhah

hian India mite hian an lo ching tawh nia hriat a ni. Sawi tawh angin, a kum tak erawh chu hriat

theih rual a ni lo. India mite hi kuhva khawr ei nachang hre hmasa pawl tak kan nih avangin,

heihi kan hnam nunah a bet tlat a. Thil tihkhawm nikhuaah reng reng kuhva tello chuan khawsak

a kimlovin kan hria a. Vaiho tan phei chuan an puithuna thil tih hrang hrang ah Pan hi a tel zel

thin. Chaw kan han eikham a, pah hnah (Kuhva) kan han thial hma hi chuan, kimlo riauvin kan

inhria a. Hmehtha leh hmuihmer hmeh tumte hian a ni leh zual emaw tih tur a ni. Chutih laiin

hmehchhe hmeh tum kamchhiat te hian a tul viau lawi bawk a. Sikret tui tak nena han sehhmeh

ngat phei chuan, khawvel hi a nuam ta riauvin dam man a awm hliah hliahin a hriat thin.

2. Panhnah hian chakna/Thatna tamtak a nei: Kuhva ei that lohna sawituten, panhnah ngei

pawh hi hriselna atan a pawi, thil tha lo hlir pai ang hrimin an sawi thin. Chuti ngawt zawng ani

bik love. Panhnah hian Vitamin B & C thahnem tak a pai a, chubakah Protein, Minerals, Car-

bohydrates, Calcium, Phosphonts, Iron leh thau lam (fat) te pawh a pai tel a ni. Chu chang a la ni

lo — Panhnah hi damdawi atana hmanna a tam hle. Mipat hmeichhiat kawnga chaklote tan

chakna petu, thluak, thin leh lung ti Chak tha tu, chawpai tawihna (digestion) tanpuitu, hrawk leh

Ka ti thiangtu a ni. A hnah hrinna (Chlorophyll) hi ha tan a tha a, a hnah tui sawr chu khuh

damdawi, hritlang leh ek khal thin te tan pawh damdawi tha tak a ni. Nguai a ti reh a, nun a ti

harh thei. Damdawi siamna atan kawng hrang hrangin pah hnah hi hman an ni bawk. Kuhva nen

a ei hian ka leh hrawk a ti thiang a. Thawk uih a ti reh a, ka a ti rimtui. Chuvangin panhnah atang

hian ka (mouth)tih rimtuina chi hrang hrang leh chakna damdawi lam chi tamtak an Siam.

Heng kan sawi tak avang hian Panhnah (leh kuhva) te hi ei vak vak tur kan tihna erawh a

ni lo. Mizo ten kuhva kan heh dan hi chu tunlai tawng takin a 'over’ deuh a ni. A thatna te kan

tarlan tak avangin englai pawh a ei (hmuam) reng tur kan tihna a ni lo. Thil tha pawh hi tihluat

chuan chhiatna zakhua thlentu a ni tho. Vitamin tha ber berte pawh ni nileng in inchhawpin

thawka phitin lem reng ringawt ta mai ila, kan chhiat pui rang khawp ang. Chuvangin, Kuhva

(pan) hi ei a tha, mahse heh lutuk loh tur. Kei ngei pawh hi Kuhva heh ve tak ka ni a. He thu ziak

lai hian kan hotunu in min fuihna thin ka hre chhuak a, chu chu ama sawi dan takah, “a point

pawimawh te te a ei" a ni. Chumi awmzia chu chaw eikhamah, thingpui inkhamah etc. te a tihna a

ni. Chu chu zawm thei ila, a tha tawk hle ang. Tih emah chuan Kuhva (pan) pawh eilo, mei pawh

zu lo, sahdah takngial pawh hmuam lote nena khawsak tlan leh inhmatawna inbiak hi chu nuam

ve deuh a nia.

3. Panhnah chin hi sumhnar tha a ni: India ram hi khawvela panhnah ching tam ram kan ni a.

Ram hectare 40,000 azau ( Tin 1,00,000) hmun ah panhnah hi chin a ni a, a Ching uar deuh state

te chu West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa leh

Assam te an ni. Heng state te zingah hian West Bengal in an ngah ber a. India rama Pan hnah

tharchhuah zawng zawng hmun thuma thena hmun hnih hi West Bengal State tharchhuah a ni a.

Chumi atang chuan kumtin Cheng vaibelchhe sawmsarih (Rs,70/- crore) zet a lei chhuak ziah a

ni. India ramin kumtina pan hnah atanga a sum lakluh chu Cheng vaibelchhe 670 zet a ni. Pan

hnah atang ngawt hian India ramah chhungkaw nuai 15 velin ei an zawng in an hmu a ni.

Mizoramin pan hnah man atana phailama kan pawisa thawnthlak thin hi kumkhatah

Cheng maktaduai engzat tak ni ve ang maw. Kan pan hnah mamawh hmun sawma then hmun

khat tal pawh lo thar ve ila, chhungkaw thahnem tak eizawnna zawng a tling ve ngei ang le.

Ngaihtuahna i seng zui deuh teh ang.

4. Boruak leh leilung duhzawng: India ram state hrang hrangah hlawhtling taka an chin theih

hlawm avangin leilung awmdan chi hrang hrangah a chin theih tih a lang, kan chindan erawh a in

anglo nasa. Leitha duhtak a nih avangin leitha hmun, lei chunglanga tawih dur (humus) tamna

hmunah an tha ber. Thlai tamber te angin, hnawng duh tak nimahse, tuitling ngailo tak anih

avangin, tui in paih tha leh inthli hul chak hmun, lei tak hmunah a hlawhtling duh ber. A zung

bawra tui a tlin theih chuan a thang lovin a awm reng a, atawpah a thi nge nge thin. Ruahtui

kumtluana tla a insem rual deuhna, boruak hnawng leh lumtawk chauh si ah an tha ber. Nipui

boruak sa lum lutuk leh thlasik boruak vawt vin lutuk ah an tha mawh. Chuvangin Uttar Pradesh

leh Bihar State chhunga District thenkhat- khaw lum laia lum lutuk leh thlasik lai vawt leh lutuk

si ah te chuan, pan hnah hi an tha tak tak thei lo. Thli lum lo tleh thin te'n an hnah an tivuai thei a,

boruak vawt lutukin a hnah an ti til thung, Daihlim mamawh thlai anih avangin, daihlim a chin

tur a ni. Amaherawhchu ngawpui chhung, ni eng pawh luh hleihtheih lohna hmun erawh a tha

chuang lo.

5. A hmun thlan dan leh buatsaih dan: Mizoramah hian pan hnah Ching tuten a hmun thlan

kan thiam tawk lo nge, kan panhnah chin thinte hi an tlo lo riau a, chuvangin panhnah chingtuten

fimkhur taka a hmun kan thlan thiam a tul. Chuvangin hengte hi chhinchhiah a tha ang.

Hmun tamtakah panhnah hi kuhva hmunah kuhva kunga zam tur in an ching a.

Chutianga ching tute tan a hranpa in a hmun thlan thu ah ngaihtuahna sen a ngai lo. Tlangram

Mizoram angah te chuan ram ngaw hnuaiah kan phun (chin) ber avangin a hmun ram awmdan

tur han ruahman tehchiam theih pawh a ni lova. Phaizawla ching thin India ram state tam takah

chuan, mumal takin ruahmanna felfai tak an siam thin. Tin, hmun tam takah chuan a zamna atan

thingkung hmang lovin, a zamna siamchawp, tihdan hrang hranga siam an hmang bawk. Tin,

Fartuah lam chi thing hi a zamna a tana an hman tam pawl tak a ni. Kan zam tirna tur thing chu a

pang a him tur a ni. Thing zar thar te paih/sahthlak tur a ni. Fartuah thinga kan zam tir dawn

anih pawhin, a hling neilo chi hi thlan tur a ni. Phai ramah chuan pan hnah hmun siam hma in a

zamna tur thing mumal takin an lo phun lawk bawk thin. Pan hnah kan zam tirna tur thing atanga

ft.2 vela hlaah khur killi nei emaw, a bial emaw laih tur a ni, khur len zawng chu kil li nei a nih

chuan ft.2-4 bial, ft.2 vela thuk ni thei sela. Tin, khur chu a biala kan laih chuan hawlh tlanga

ft.2/3 tal a tha. Khurah chuan lei chunglang hang tha te, leitha dangte dah khah tur a ni a. Chu

bakah khur khat zelah vut Kg chanve telh ngei tur a ni.

6. A Phun hun dik leh a chi lak dan: A ram boruak leh leilung awmdan ang zelin a phun hun

pawh hi a hrang thluah a. State thenkhatah chuan kum khatah vawihnihte an Phun thin.

Mizoramah chuan June-July vel hi thil phun hun tha ber a kan neih a ni a. Hetih lai hi panhnah

tan pawh phun hun tha a ni. Lei hnawng tha takah lo chuan panhnah hi a nung tha thei lova,

chuvangin ruahtui tla a mumal deuh hunah lo chuan phunsawn hi tih rih loh a tha. June-July ah

chuan ruahtui tla a mumal tawh tlangpui thin.

Panhnah phun tur chu a kung hrisel leh dawng tha atanga lak (cutting) a ni tur ani. A

tlangpuiin hengte hi chithumin a thentheih:

l) A hnah pakhat leh a chang (node) pakhat.

2) A hnah pahnih kung, changhnih nei leh

3) A zik, hnah 4-5 kung.

Heng zingah hian a pathumna, a zik, hnah 4/5 chawr ho hi a nung tha duh bik. A kung bul

lam, lei hnaih zual ho hi an chawr tha har deuh. Heng ai chuan a ler lam atanga lak hian zung an

kaih tha hma a, an thlan awm ber. Chumai bakah panhnah natna tlanglawn tak Foot/leafrot (a

hnah tawih natna) heng natna hi a kung bullam atanga a intan thin avangin, a ler lam zel atanga a

chi lak hi a him bik. India ram state hrang hrangah cuttings an phun seizawng hi a inanglo nasa

khawp mai. Kerala leh Karnataka ah te chuan ft,3 lai a sei te an hman laiin Uttar Pradesh, Bihar

leh West Bengalah te chuan inches 3/4 lek lek te in an tan thung. Tamil Nadu ah thung chuan a

zik lam, chang (nodes) paruk atanga pariat nei an hmang, State dang dangte tihdan ka han tarlan

tel duhna kher chu, panhnah ching tur ten tihdan hrang hrang te hi an lo tih ve chhin a, a enge

Zoram boruak leh leilungah tha ber ang tih an lo enchhin ve duh takin ka tih vang a ni. Kan

chhinchhiah atana tha erawh chu a chi kan lak reng rengin a chang leh chang inkar lai taka tan

lovin, a chang hnuai lawkah kan bung (tan) tur a ni. Khur khatah pahnih pathum phun pawh a

pawi lemlo. Hmun tamtaka an tihdan a ni ve tho.

7. Phun dan: Panhnah chu leihnawng tha tak ah chauh phun tur a ni a, kan phun tura chu a tawi

deuh anih chuan a chanve phun pila, a chanve tihlawr tur ani. Cutting sei deih te chu kual deuha

dah a , a zik lam chu kan zam tirna tur lam hawi tir tur ani. Phun ngheh that hle tur ani. A bul vel

lei kha bel tha taka siam tur a ni. Hei hi a pawimawh hle. Chutilochuan tui hakin an lo eng

(yellow) an thih em loh pawh in an thang tha thei lovang. Phun zawh hlimah ruahin delh vat se,

panhnah te hi an nung tha bik.

8. Enkawl zui dan:

(1) Zam tir: Pan hnah te hi phun atanga kar 2/3 velah an lo chawr a, zamna tur a rawn zawng tan

tawh thin. Chuveleh a zamna kunga zam tur a tanpui deuh an tul thin a. Chumi atan chuan a

zamna tura hrui a phuar beh thin a tha. Hemi atan hian ram hrui leh changel kawrro thliar sinte

hi a tawk viau. Chutianga han puih deuh chuan a in man bet thuai thin. Mahse a mar leh nghet

lutuka phuar chu a tha lo tih hriat tur. Inches 6-9 inkarah te phuar beh a tha tawk viau. Phuarbeh

hna hi vawikhata tih mai a tawk lova, a khat tawka tih thin tur a ni.

(2) A kung phihthlak: Mithiam ten an ngaih pawimawh tak, Zorama pan chingtute'n kan tih ka

hriat meuh loh chu, a kung phihthlak leh thin hi a ni. Panhnah kungte hian phun atanga thla 9/ 10

vel ah ft. 10 vel laia sangin a thang thei a. Hetih hunah hian hnah pangngai chhuah zel turin

anmahniah theihna a lo tlem tan tawh thin.Chuvangin tih nulat thar (rejuvenate) an ngai thin.

Chumi atan chuan panhnah kung zam tawh chu kumkhatah vawikhat leiah phihthlak thin tur a

ni. Panhnah te hi ama thu a a duh chen chen zam tir mai anih chuan, lawh vel harsa khawpa sang

an zam mai thin. Chuvangin hetia phihthlak thin hi a tha hrim hrim. Tichuan a chang atangin

peng dang alo chawr chhuak a, a thar hlawk phah thin. Phihthlak hna hi furpuilai aiin thal laia

thawh a tha zawk. Phihthlak dan pawh hi tihdan hrang hrang a awm a. A hrui an phihthlak chu a

zamna kung bulah an kual a. A zikpui chu ft. I l/ a sei vel a zamna kungah phuar beh tur a ni a. A

kung leia inkual ho chu chhah lutuk lova leia vur tur a ni. Tichuan a chang atangin peng tam tak

an lo chawr thin. Chutianga lo chawr thar ho chu a zawng a a zuah vek a tul lem lo. Pahnih

pathumte zuah a, a zamna kung pang sir leh lam leh lamah phuar beh a, zam tir mai tur a ni. A

zikpui titliak lo tura dim deuh a khawih thin tur ani.

(3) Leitha pek: Panhnah te hi leitha duh tak anni tih kan sawi tawh kha. Chuvangin, panhnah

bulah hian bawngek leitha emaw neem cake emaw a kumtin pek zui a tha.

8. A seng chungchang: Panhnah hi a thar hma hle. Phun atanga thla rukna velah chuan an seng

tan theih mai. Hmun thenkhatah chuan kumkhat na ah an seng tan thung. A zar peng atanga hnah

lo chawrte chu lawh tur an ni a. A kungpui atanga hnah lo chawr te hi chu hralh sum atan lawh

tlaka ngaih a ni lo. A lawh hun inkar rei zawng hi ahmuna zir leh kan panhnah chin variety a zirin

a inang lo thei hle. Khawlum laiin an lawh zin theih deuh va, thlasik laiin a kar a khat deuh thung.

A tlangpuiin ni 20 inkar dan velah te an lo deuh ber thin.

9. Tichhetu natna leh rannungte: Panhnah hian tichhetu natna leh hmelma rannung a ngah hle.

Kan sawi seng lovang. Tlangpui takin han sawi ila. Natna hrang hrang a neihte ven nan damdawi

(Bordeaux Mixture) leh a dangte a phun hmaa chiah thin te, chutiang damdawi hmanga a khat

tawka a hnah lam kah (spray) thin te, natna avanga a hnah tawih leia tlate paih bo emaw hal thin

te a tha. A kung bul vel leilung damdawi hmanga sawisak thinte a tha.

Rannung tichhetu ven nan pawh pesticides hmanga kah thin tur a ni. Thlai dang ven

nana kan hman thinte hi an hman theih vek. Seng/lawh dawn hnaia damdawi hmanga kah erawh

chu tih loh hram a tha.

KEIMAHNI

‘A’ PROMOTION

Heng Group ‘B’ Officer te hi Group ‘A’ Officer ah an kaisang(promoted) a, kan lawmpui

em em a ni :

1) Lalengzami Houlai Seed Analyst, Directorater of Agriculture.

2) B.Lalhmuchhuaka Instructor, ITC Hnahthial.

3) Tlangtinmawia Zote SMS (Agro), Directorate of Agriculture (he will be incharge of

Bilological control Lab. & Bio fertilizer Plant ah Neihbawi).

4) S.lalchuanawma SMS (Agro), DAO, Mamit.

5) George Lalthanngura Insecticide Analyst, Directorate of Agriculture (Planning

Section.)

6) Zokhuma Varte Asst. Soil Survey Officer, Directorate of Agericulture.

Tin, heng SAS-III te hi SAS-II ah an kaisang bawk a, kan lawmpui em em a ni.

1. F. Neihkima SDAO Office, Serchhip

2. Thannghinglova Directorate of Agriculture (LUB) Section.

‘B’ TRANSFER & POSTING :

Sl No

Name of Officers and Designation

Present Place of Posting

New Place of Posting

H.Lalthanpuia

DAO, Saiha

Dy Director (SS), Dte Of

Agriculture

K.Cholo

Dy Director (SS), Dte Of

Agriculture

DAO, Saiha

C.Lalthanga, AEO

R.D. Block, Serchhip

DAO, Aizawl Office

Dhononjoy Chakma, SAS-II

Thingfal Circle

SDAO Office, Tlabung

Jimmy Zosangliana Sailo, VLW

RD Block Thingsulthliah

Directorate of Agriculture

‘C’ PENSION :

Kan thawhpui pu H.T. Darbuka, AEO chuan ni 30.4.2005 atang khan pension in min

chhuahsan ta.

‘D’ SUNNA:

Heng kan thawhpui te hian Chatuan ram min pansan tak avangin pawi kan ti em em a, an

chhungte tan tuarpuiin, Pathianin awmpui zel turin duhsakna kan hlan e.

1) Pu Lalmawia Driver, Directorate of Agri. 23.1.2005

2) Pi Lalbiaknungi Sailo LDC, R & E Section 10.4.2005

3) Pu R.Laltanpuia Driver, Directorate of Agri. 21.5.2005

‘E’ APPOINTMENT ETC.

1. Pu F.Laltluangkima, B.Sc (Agri), M.Sc.(Forestry) pawh in Officiating Basis in Gram Sevak

appointment a hmu a, DAO Office, Mamit ah dah a ni.

2. Heng mite hi Women in Agriculture (CSS) hnuaia facilitator hna thawk turin lak thar an ni:

1) Lalrimawii B.Sc (H.Sc) Directorate

2) R.Lalthlamuani B.Sc (Botany) Directorate

3) Melody Lalmuanpuii B.Sc (H.Sc) Directorate

3. Heng mite hi Watershed Development Team (WDT) member, NWDPRA leh WDPSCA (CSS)

hnuaiah lak thar an ni:

1) Joseph Lalrinliana MSW DAO’s Office, Saiha

2) C.Rachel M.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Saiha

3) D.Lalfakzuala Colney B.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Champhai

4) R.Laldingliani M.A.(Socio) DAO’s Office, Lunglei

5) J.Lalramthara B.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Lunglei

6) David Lalsanglura B.Tech DAO’s Office, Aizawl

7) H.Lalmuansanga MSW DAO’s Office, Champhai

8) Lalnunzawma B.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Mamit

9) B.Lalchhanzova MSW DAO’s Office, Kolasib

10) Vanlalhruaia M.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Kolasib

11) Khianghnuna Khiangte M.A. (Socio) DAO’s Office, Kolasib

12) H.Elizabeth MSW DAO’s Office, Mamit

13) Lalvensanga M.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Saiha

14) F.Lalmuankima B.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Champhai

15) Connie Vansangpuii MSW DAO’s Office, Aizawl

16) Dr Amos Vanlalhruaia B.V.Sc & A.H. DAO’s Office, Aizawl

17) Laltharzuali Colney B.Sc (Agri) DAO’s Office, Aizawl

18) Abraham Lalhlimpuia MSW Directorate of Agriculture

19) Dr Lalrosangi Fanai B.V.Sc & A.H. Directorate of Agriculture

20) Judy K.Lalrinsangi M.Sc(Agri) DAO’s Office, Mamit

21) Vanlalliani M.Sc (Horti) DAO’s Office, Mamit

22) Lalremruata B.Tech(Agri) Directorate of Agriculture

23) Lalrinsangi B.Sc. (Agri) Directorate of Agriculture

24) Baby Lalremkimi B.Sc. (Agri) Directorate of Agriculture

25) Lalhnenliana Sailo B.E.(Civil) Directorate of Agriculture

26) Rodingpuii Khawlhring B.Tech (Civil) Directorate of Agriculture

27) B.Vanlalsiami B.Sc (Agri) DAO’s Office, Lunglei

28) Dr Evangeline Pari B.V.Sc & A.H. DAO’s Office, Lunglei

29) N.C. Borah M.Sc. (Agri) DAO’s Office, Lunglei

30) Dr. K.Lalrempuii B.V.Sc & A.H. DAO’s Office, Saiha

31) Dr. Rebecca Lalhmangaihi

Khiangte B.V.Sc & A.H. DAO’s Office, Kolasib

F. PAWIMAWH DANGTE:

1. AGRICULTURE LEH HORTICULTURE DEPARTMENT OFFICER TE PUALIN E.M.

TECHNOLOGY TRAINING NI 6 CHHUNG AWH TUR TRAINING CHU NI 20.6.2005 KHAN NEIH

TAN A NI.

He Training hi Agriculture Conference Hall ah Ni 20.6.2005 (9:00 A.M) khan tan ani a. al-

lawnna Inkhawm a khuallian Pu Lalramthanga Tochhawng Secretary , Agriculture & Horticulture

Department chuan Trainees te hnenah kan thil zir te Field a hmandan tur ngaihtuah a; zir nise a

ti a. Organic Farming ah Sawrkar chuan nasa takin hma .1ak a tum a, he mi nih Phung atunakan

kal danah hi chuan nasataka farmer te hnenah zirtima kan la pek angaiani a ti. Officer te hnenaan

thil hriat leh zir te bakah an thiam [oh te, an thil zir chhunga Chiang taka an hriat theihna tura

zavvt ngam turin a chah. Training pe tu Maple Orgtech. Pvt.Ltd. India te hi Dehradun atanga 10

kal niin Uttaranchal leh Sikkim ah te pawh hma an 10 lakpui tawh a, Mizoram Sawrkar nen

Organic Farming Imlalakna tur atan hian an tangho zel dawn a ni, Agriculture leh Horticulture

Department hnuaia Offcerte Organic Farming Training hi 25.6.2005 (3 :00 P.M) khan zawh fel a

ni a. Kharna inkhawma khuallian Minister Pu H.Rammawi chuan training chhuakta Department

mi leh sate chu an thil zirchhuaha Certifi- cate an dawnte chu tarmawi leh dahthat atan mai a nilo

tih hre turin a chah a. An thil zirchhuahte chu kuthnathawktute tan tangkai a nih ngei theihna

tura hrilhhriat chu an tihmakmawh a ni a ti. A tul dan azira kuthnathawktute hmun hmate

thlenga enpui chu an mawhphurhna a nih thu leh Organic hlawk zawka kalpui theihna tur atana

kut leh ke an nih mai bakah hmahruaitu in ni a ti bawk. Minister hian training chhuak mi 50 te

hnenah Certifi- cate a hlan nghal a ni. Training ah hian Agriculture atangin mi 30 leh Horticulture

atangin mi 20 an tel a, a titha zual mi 10 hnenah Certificate hlan an ni bawk.

2. I.W.D.P-P.I.A MEETING PU H.RAMMAWI, AGRICULTURE MINISTER HOVIN NEIH A NI:

Ni 21.6.2005 dar 11 :00 A.M khan Integrated Watershed Development Programme (IWDP) a

Programme Implementing Agency (P.I.A) te chuan Horticulture Conference Hall ah Meeting an

nei a. Agriculture Department hnuaia I.W.D.P-P.I.A te an kal tha hle a ni.

Khuallian - Pu H.Rammawi, Agriculture Minister chuan, Mizoram Intodelhna Programme

tih hlawhtlin na turin M.I.P leh IWDP te kal kawp tir tawh tur a ni dawn a. Mizoram Ei leh Bar ah

kan lo intodelh theihna turin Agriculture mithiamte hian rilru tak tak seng a, awmze nei zawk a

hma la turin tan kan la tur ani tiin a fuih a. M.L.P. leh IWDP a lo hlawhtlin theihna turin cluster

area-a project siam tur a ni anga, sum kan neihsa ngai reng hian kal dan phung fel leh tha

ngaihtuah chhuakin, hmasawnna kawng kan zawng dawn a ni, a ti. P.I.A te hian loneitute

mamawh in zawn sak anga, thlai chin tur thlansa loneitute hralh chhuah theih ngei tur leh

transport a harsatna awmlo turin in ngaihtuah pui tur a ni a, a result hi mipuiten an entheih ngei

turin Video leh media dangah te pawh puanchhuah ngam ngei turin tih hlawhtlin in tum tur a ni

tiin a fuih. Tlangram loneih (Jhuming cultivation) hi bansan hret hret in, lo ngelnghet (

permanent settlement) neiin Mizoram hi kalpui kan tum tur a ni a ti a. Sawrkar hna hi dik taka

thawh tur a ni a, Sawrkar hnathawk diklo te chungah chuan Sawrkar hi a vin tak dawn a ni a ti.

He IWDP-PIA Meeting hi Pu Lalramthanga Tochhawng, Agriculture Secretary- cum-

Director of Agriculture in a kaihruai a, Pu Lalramthanga Tochhawng, Agriculture Secretary chuan

MIP leh IWDP tihlawhtling tur hian Action Plan thatak kan duang ang a, IWDP hi MIP nen a

inkawp tawh dawn avangin MIP Programming ah Agriculture Officers PIA te hian mawhphurhna

pawimawhtak kan nei ta a ni a ti.

Rev.Liandawla, Vice Chairman M.I.P pawhin MIP leh IWDP tihlawhtling tura nasa taka

tan la - Chief Minister. Agriculture Minister leh Agriculture Secretary kan nei hi a vanneih thlakin

a lawmawm em em a, Agriculture a lo hlawhtlin zel theihna tur chuan Agriculture mithiamte leh

loneitute (farmers) tan ho hi a tul em em a, Agriculture Officer te hian Mizoram hi in Focus tak

tak ka duh a, hlawhchhamna atangin hlawhtlinna hmunah loneitute hi in hruai chhuak ngei tur a

ni a ti.

Wgd.Cdr. Lalnghinglova, Chairman, MIP Marketing Board pawhin IWDP - PIA te hnenah

fuihna thu sawiin thlawhna khalhtu in visual instrument hmanga a passenger te hlawhlting taka

a thlenna hmun tur a thlen pui thin angin, MIP leh IWDP hmang hian loneitute hlawhtlinna

hmunah kan hruai thleng ngei tur a ni a ti.

He meeting-a IWDP - PIA (Officers) lo kal te hian hmalak tawhna te thlir hovin IWDP

hmanga MIP a lo hlawhtlin ngei theihna tur Action Plan an duang chhuak a, Ni 24 June, 2005

khan an Action Plan siamte chu Pu H. Rammawi, Agriculture Minister leh Pu Lalramthanga

Tochhawng, Secretary-cum-Director hovin an thlir ho leh a ni.

3. MIDDLE TLAWNG-II NWDPRA PROJECT-A CITRONELLA PILOT PROJECT HAWNNA:

Ni 2.6.2005 dar 7:30 A.M khan Lawipu Y.M.A Hall ah hawnna inkhawm tawite neih a ni a.

He hawnna inkhawm hi Dr.H.Saithantluanga, Deputy Director of Agriculture (Planning) in a

kaihruai a, khuallian Pu H.Rammawi, Minister of Agriculture a ni.

He Projecti "Middle Tlawng-ll" hi 578 Ha. vela zau a ni a. National Watershed

Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) hnuaia enkawl tur a ni. He Project hnuaiah

hian Self Help Groups (SHGs) -3 leh Users Group-I te pawh dinfel vek tawh a ni bawk. He Project

a Citronella chin tur hi Pilot Project anih angin 40 Ha. vel hmun ah chin phawt tur a ruahman a ni

a. Tin, a chinna tur hmun panna tur kawng 2 Kms vela thui pawh laih tur a ruahman a ni a, hemi

ni vek hian khawtlangin hnatlang an nei nghal. He hmun bakah hian Saphal WDPSCA (Watershed

Dev.Project in Shifting Cultivation Areas) Project (Durtlang) ah 20 Ha. a zauvah hma lak tum

bawk a ni.

Khuallian Pu H.Rammawi chuan a hawnna inkhawm ah Middle tlawng-ll Project thlan a

nihna chhan chu — Self Help Groups leh Users Group tha tak a lo awm tawh vang ani a ti.

Mizoram hian kal dan kan thlak a ngai a, tunhma chuan Loneituin an ching phawt a an thar

chhuah hralhna kan han dap leh a, organised fumfe kan neih joh avangin hralhna kan hmu tha

lova, kan hmuh vek pawhin a hlawk lo. Tunah chuan Sawrkar in kaldan thar siamin M.I.P hnuaia

Marketing Board siam in — thlai Mizorama thar theih, hralhna chiangsa, a lei tur Company emaw

hriatsa, Contract Farming a kal turin a lo in buatsaih ta a ni. Hetianga kal tur hian Company nen

agreement te siamin, Thingfänghma, Stevia, Red Oil Palm etc. a lo ziahpui tawh a ni.

A sawizel naah, Mizote hi that chhe hnam kan ni lova, kan loneih a hlawk loh em avangin

kan thawk lo mai mai a ni. Citronella chin hi thil hlawk tak chu a ni lo, mahse, thasen a tam lova.

Kumkhat ah vawithum a thar thei a, pahmei pa pawhin zautak a enkawl thei dawn a ni. Dan

naranin hactare khatah 200 lit. vel a thar thei a. Mizoramah chuan moisture atam avangin hei

aipawh hian a thar tam theih an rin thu Mithiam Scientist pahnih — Dr.R.K. Sharma leh

Dr.P.R.Bhattacharia, Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat atanga lokal ten an sawi.

Citronell Oil hi a rate a danglam nasa thin hle a, a minimum ah chuan Rs.225/per Kg. a ni.

Kum khata loneitu in hactare khat (21 ½ tin) hmunah enkawl vak ngai lovin Rs.30,000-

Rs.40,000/- vel pawisa a tel thei reng dawn a ni. Citronella pawh hi a lei let tur (Buy-back)

hriatsa an ni a, kan zingah pawh Company hrang hrang zinga pakhat. Aroma India Private Ltd.,

Guwahati representative Pu Amit Jain, Guwahati pawh a chinna hmun te en thlithlai turin an

rawn tir nghal a. Mizo mipui te hmasawnna rahbi rap zel turin hmathar i han la teh ang u tiin a

sawm nghal. Citronella hi Tel rimtui, Sahbawn, Clean angel, Rannung hnawh tiau nan te an

hmang a ni.

He Citronella Pilot Project hi a hriak herchhuahna khawl 1000 Kg/capacity pawh bun

nghal tum a ni a, tun June I I , 2005 hian Guwahati atangin a peng (a chi) rawn phur chho tura

hrilhhriat an ni tawh bawk. Tin, he Middle Tlawng-ll, NWDPRA Project a hmalak dan tur

ruahmante chu — Tui lakna leh Tuikhuah Siam, Link road Siam, S.H.G tana Vawk, Ar vulh tur

ruahman, Ram chhe lai hman tangkai a Siam that leh Sum chang thlai leh thlai dang chin leh

tharchhuah te an ni.

Minister hi Wdg. Cmdr, Lalnghinglova. Department Officer te Regional Research

Laboratory, Jorhat atangin Scientist pathum leh Industry Department a Officer ten an tawiawm a,

Project huamchhunga loneitute an tel tha hle.

Inkhawmna neih zawh ah Citronella chinna tur panna kawng Minister hian Chek hmasa

berin hnatlan zui nghal a ni. Hnatlang thingpui in na tur Rs.2.000/- a hlan nghal.

4. MAUTAM CHHINCHHIAHNA THLENG TAN: Mautam tur entirtu pakhat anga ngaih,

Thangnang chu hun engemaw chen kal ta atang khan Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah a puang a,

Mamit District a North Sabual hmun hlui tlangah pawh thla hmasa tir atang khan Thangnang hi a

kai a, a kai dawn lai vel hian he khaw mipuite chuan Thangnang kai tur thlawk ri, khuai rau ang

maia thawm na pawh an hria tih an sawi.

He khuaa Thangnang kai hi nitin mi tam takin an khawng a, a tir lamah chuan hniam

deuhva a awm avangin harsa vak lovin an khawng thei mai a, tunah erawh hi chuan an awmna

hmun, thlang lama an sawn tawh avang leh thing sang tak takah an kai tawh avangin a khawn a

harsa deuh tawh a ni. Thangnang khawngtute hian an ei bakah a hriak sawrin an hralh a, sum

pawh an la lut nual tawh a ni. Thangnang hi hmun zau taka inzar pharh lovin, metre 40 bial vel an

bawh a ni.

5. PU HRAMMAWI, AGRICULTURE MINISTER IN STEVIA(THLAI CHINI TIAK) A SEM

CHHUAKTA: Ni 28.06.2005 ( Thawhlehni ) zing dar 7:30 khan Agriculture Department Office

kawtah Mizoram Intodelhna Programme hmalakna in loneitu thlan bik mi 8 hnenah Pu H.

Rammawi, Agriculture Minister chuan Stevia (thlai chini) tiak a sem chhuak. He thlai tiak

semchhuahna hun tawi te hman hi Wg. Crd.Lalnghinglova, Chairman MIP ( Marketing Board) in a

kaihruai a, Pu C. Lalzarliana, Project Director in Technical Report pe in, Stevia 1,500 Chuang zet

kal tawh ah khan Paraguay ah chuan ei leh in tur tih thlum nan an lo hmang daih tawh a, tunlai

finna hmangin a tangkaina te hmuh belh zel a ni. Ei leh in tur tithlum nan leh tih rimtui nan,

damdawi tih tui nante, damdawi chi hrang hrang siam nan te, mihring leh ran chaw siam chhuah

nan te hman mek ani. He thlai hi thlum hle mahse chini leh thlumna petu thil dang Siam chawp

ang lovin Calorie a pai ve lovah avang hian thisen sang leh zunthlum tan a pawilo a ni. He thlai

chini hi lei chi hrang hrangah hlawhtling taka chin theih a ni a, lei hnawng tawk a mamawh viau

laiin tuitling reng leh lei thawl lutuk chu a chin nan a tha lem lo. A boruak ngeih zawng chu

Mizoram ang ram lum lutuk 10, vawt lutuk bawk silo hi a ni. Pu C. Kapzela huan ah pawh chin a

ni tawh a, Pune a stevia chinna hmunpui ai pawh a a that thu a sawi.

Pu H. Rammawi, Agriculture Minister chuan, ' Kan pipute chuan tlangram loneih a ei

zawm loh chu kawng dang an nei lova, tunah chuan hetiang ang loneih dan hi kan bansan a hun

tak zet tawh ani- a ti. Tunah chuan Mizoram rama tha duh thlai man man leh hralhna tha thlan a,

chumi hralhna tur ( market) tih fel hnuah a ching tur a in zirtir hi kan hmabak chu ani. Chumi

atan chuan tunah hian Stevia ( Mizo in a kan hriat awlsam na THLAI CHINI ti mai ila) leh Red Oil

Palm tih ani tawh a, Sunfruits Ltd, Pune nen in remsiamna tha tak neiin hmalak a ni ta ani ' tih a

sawi. Pu H. Rammawi hian stevia tiak hi loneitu 8 hnenah a pe chhuak nghal a ni. Ni 26.06.2005

khan Kolasib ah stevia tiak hi loneitu 9 hnenah pek a lo ni tawh bawk.

Stevia ( Thlai chini) thildang thlumna petu aia a that bikna te chu —

1. 100% hi siam chawp nilo khuannu siam thlumna hriselna atan a tha a pai.

2. Calorie a pai lo.

3. Fu atanga siam chini aiin a let 250-300 in a thlum zawk.

4. 198 -200°C a sa ah pawh a nihna a hlauhlo.

S. Thil dang nen a pawlhin a ti chhia/ tawih phah lo.

6. Ei leh in turah telhin a tuina leh rimtuina a belh chhah.

7. Natna chi hrang hrang tan a damdawiah a hman theih.

8. Zunthlum natna vei tan chaw tha leh damdawi tha ani.

9. Taksa tana hlauhawm tur a pai lo.

10. Ranvulh chi ho tan chaw tha a ni.

11. Mihring ei leh in tur hrang hrang ah pawlh anih in a ti tuiin hriselna atan a tha a ni.

6. FINAL AREA AND PRODUCTION OF IMPORTANT AGRICULTURE CROPS OF

MIZORAM STATE FOR THE YEAR 2003-2004

Sl No

Name Of Crops

Area in Ha, Production in M.T.

2003-2004

Paddy:

1)Jhum

2)W.R.C.

3)H.Y.V.

Sub-Total

43447

13668

2081

59196

72181

36738

5711

114630

Maize

10481

20282

Wheat

Pulses

48922

4313

Tapioca

139

690

Oil Seed

7532

5478

Cotton

343

227

Tobacco

460

404

Sugarcane

1393

36174

Potato

363

893

SUB-TOTAL

25619

68481

GRAND-TOTAL

84815

183111